Roaring 20s test review

What party dominated American politics in the 1920's?

The Republicans

Who was Warren Harding?

A Republican from Ohio, he won by a landslide, was a firm supporter of business, and promised Normalcy.

What is meant by the Return to Normalcy?

Life before war, less government intervention, focus on domestic issues, isolationism, and restoring peace and prosperity.

What was the Tea-Pot Dome Scandal?

The biggest scandal centered on a government-owned oil reserve in Wyoming, involving Secretary Albert B. Fall leasing the land and taking a bribe of $400,000.

How did Harding's presidency end?

He died due to a heart attack in 1923.

Who was Calvin Coolidge?

Vice President who succeeded Harding, known for being calm, serious, honest, and having integrity.

How did Calvin Coolidge's presidency begin?

He became President after Harding's death.

Why was Calvin Coolidge considered a full term President?

He won the election of 1924 by a landslide after Harding's death, gaining popular support for calm and steady leadership.

Who was Herbert Hoover?

Secretary of Commerce and a Republican who promised prosperity and economic growth in his campaign, stating 'a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.'

Who was Alfred E. Smith?

The Democratic nominee and New York Governor, the first Catholic to run for president.

Why did Alfred E. Smith's religion matter during his campaign?

There were biases against Catholics, as people feared their loyalty to the Pope over the U.S. government.

What were flappers in the 1920's?

Young women who embraced a new, modern, and rebellious lifestyle.

What are Pink Collar Jobs?

Jobs traditionally associated with women, often in caregiving or service roles such as teaching, nursing, and secretarial work.

How did new technologies impact housewives in the 1920's?

They made household chores effortless, allowing more free time and reducing labor.

Who was Amelia Earhart?

The first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean alone; her plane disappeared while attempting to fly around the world.

What was the National Origins Act?

A law that set quotas to limit immigration, favoring Northern and Western Europeans while restricting Southern, Eastern Europeans and Asians.

What was Billie Holiday's 'Strange Fruit' about?

A powerful protest song addressing the lynching of African Americans in the South.

What does the term 'lynching' refer to?

Illegal killings by mobs.

Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?

Two Italian immigrants and anarchists accused of murder due to their immigrant background.

What was the Red Scare?

A period characterized by fear and suspicion of communism and immigrants.

What was the Ku Klux Klan's belief?

They believed in white supremacy and committed violence against Catholics, immigrants, and African Americans.

What was the Great Migration?

A significant movement of African Americans to the north.

Who was Langston Hughes?

A poet known for his works expressing racial pride and wanting his poems to embody jazz music.

What was the impact of Pablo Picasso's Cubism on Harlem Renaissance art?

Cubism heavily influenced Harlem Renaissance art, focusing on African American achievements and depicting subjects in geometric shapes.

What was Strivers Row?

A wealthy neighborhood in Harlem, home to significant African American figures in arts, politics, and business.

Who was Marcus Garvey?

A Jamaican immigrant who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, promoting black pride and encouraging African Americans to settle in Africa.

What was happening to the stock market in the 1920's?

With a strong economy, many people were able to purchase stocks, causing stock values to rise.

What risk was associated with the stock market in the 1920's?

High stock prices were detached from the actual value of companies, leading to an overvalued market.

What does 'Buying On-Margin' mean?

Borrowing money to purchase stocks.

What was Stock Watering?

A corrupt practice where companies exaggerated earnings to sell stocks at inflated prices.

What does speculation refer to?

Engaging in risky business ventures with the hope of obtaining quick or sizable profits.

What problems were ignored during the economic prosperity of the 1920's?

1/5th of Americans lived in poverty with an increasing wealth gap and declining consumption.

What impact did tariffs have on trade in the 1920's?

They reduced trade, making goods from other countries more expensive and prompting reciprocal tariffs.

What was the result of American consumption habits in the late 1920's?

Americans consumed less.

What challenges were farmers facing in the late 1920's?

They faced a downward spiral of taking loans for tech that increased productivity but lowered prices.

What was the 18th Amendment?

Prohibited making, selling, or transporting alcohol.

What was the 19th Amendment?

Granted American women the right to vote in presidential elections.

Who was Al Capone?

A notorious bootlegger who rose to power by illegally selling alcohol during Prohibition.

Who was Babe Ruth?

A baseball legend who transformed the way the sport was played.

Who was Charlie Chaplin?

A famous comic actor known for his silent films.

Who was John T. Scopes?

A teacher arrested for teaching human evolution in Tennessee.

Who was Louis Armstrong?

An influential African American jazz singer and trumpet player.

Who was Duke Ellington?

Another prominent African American jazz musician.