biology pgs. 29-31

study this for the bio reading quiz tmr (8/21) :(((

water

**fill in the blank**

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a shortage of ______ indirectly slows photosynthesis

light

**fill in the blank**

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The single most important factor affecting photosynthesis is the intensity of the ______ striking the leaf

xanthophyll

produces yellowish colors

carotene

produces yellowish-orange colors

anthocyanin

produces bright red, blue, and purple colors

abscission layer

special cell layer that forms to cut a leaf or fruit from a stem

cellulase

enzyme that weakens the cell walls of the abscission layer

leaf scar

scar left on a stem where a leaf was previously attached

beta carotene

gives their storage roots their characteristic yellowish-orange color

transpiration

the process by which a plant loses water vapor through its leaves and stems

* humidity of the air
* the temperature
* the intensity of the sunlight
* the wind speed
* the amount of carbon dioxide in the air
* the amount of soil water available

what are some factors that affect the rate of transpiration?

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(hint: there’s a lot but idk if u have to know them…who knows)

turgor pressure

pressure produced by water within guard cells; causes stomata to open and close

turgid

swollen, distended

wilting

effect of a high rate of transpiration on a plant

temporary wilting

occurs when transpiration takes place faster than the roots can absorb soil water, causing the plant cells to lose their turgor

permanent wilting

resulting in the loss of leaves or even the death of the plant, can occur when there is a drought and there is not sufficient soil water to replace that lost by transpiration

special leaf

leaf that has a special design for a special task; also called a modified leaf

tendrils

special leaves (or stems) of vines that have the unique function of holding the vine upright by coiling around some support structure

spines

special protective leaves that have no chlorophyll

* venus flytrap
* sundew
* pitcher plant
* bladderwort

what are some plants that are good examples of special leaves?

insectivorous plants

plants with unusual leaves that can trap and digest small insects