All AP Chemistry things to memorize

ammonium

NH4+

nitrate

NO3-

Nitrite

NO2-

Sulfate

SO4-2

Sulfite

SO3-2

Cyanide

CN-

Hydroxide

OH-

Carbonate

CO3-2

Hydrogen Carbonate

HCO3-

Nitrates

soluble

alkali metals

soluble

ammonium compounds

soluble

n

energy level

l

orbital shape (s, p, d, f) (0, 1, 2, 3)

m sub l

orientation in space (which p orbital) (-1, 0, 1)

m sub s

electron spin (which of the two spots in an orbital) (.5 or -.5)

atoms in elemental form oxidation number

0

fluorine oxidation number

-1

monoatomic ions oxidation number

their charge

fluoride salts

precipitate

chlorides precipitate with

silver, lead, mercury

halogens precipitate with

silver, lead, mercury

sulfates precipitate with

barium, lead, mercury, calcium

hydroxides precipitate with

sodium and potassium

diatomic elements

Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, iodine, chlorine, bromine

two ionic compounds

think precipitation

ionic compound and metal solid

swap the metals

ionic compound with a halogen and an elemental halogen

swap the halogens

something burned in air/combustion

produces CO2 and H2O unless it's a non-hydrocarbon

carbon and acids

water and carbon dioxide

Fe charges

+2 +3

Cu charges

+1 +2

Pb charges

+2 +4

Co charges

+2 +3

Sn charges

+2 +4

Mn charges

+2 +3

Hg (I)

Hg2 +2

Hg (II)

Hg +2

Acetate

C2H3O2

Zn

+2

Ag

+

Ammonia

NH3+

Phosphate

PO4-3

Chromate

CrO4-2

Chlorate

ClO3-

Perchlorate

ClO4-

Chlorite

ClO2-

Hypochlorite

ClO-

Permanganate

MnO4-

Dichromate

Cr2O7-2

Hydrogen Sulfate

HSO4-

Hydrogen Phosphate

HPO4-2

Dihydrogen Phosphate

H2PO4-

Chromate

CrO4-2

Phosphate

PO4-3

learn hybridization shapes

now! there's a list

sulfides

not soluble

carbonates

not soluble

chromates

not soluble

phosphates

not soluble

metal hydrides oxidation state of H

-1

sum of oxidation states

equals charge on molecule

metal carbonates heated/decompose

metal oxides and carbon dioxide

alkali metals and water

alkali metal ions, hydroxide ions, and hydrogen gas

strong acids

HCL, HNO3, H2SO4, HCLO4, HBr, HI

nitric acid

HNO3

alkali and alkali earth metal oxides and water

metal ions and hydroxide ions

alkali metals and alkali earth metals and acids

metal ions and hydrogen gas

non-metal oxides and water

acids