ENV SCIENCE CHP 5

What’s the difference between convergent and evolution?

Convergent: The independent development of similar adaptations in two species with similar niches

Coevolution: species that interact closely may become adapted to one another

What is a predator and prey?

Predator: actively hunts other organisms. Lions

Prey: organism which a predator feeds. Zebras

What’s a keystone predator?

A predator that helps promote greater diversity

What are some reasons for competition between organisms?

Resources and sharing the same niche

How can a changing environment over time affect organisms?

may cause a change in the niche of an organism in that environment.

What are some specialized and generalized species?

Specialized: Koalas (eucalyptus) and Pandas (Bamboos)

Generalized: Mice, cockroaches, and racoons

What’s a niche?

The role of an organism in an ecosystem

What are the abiotic factors of a niche?

Temperature, amount of sunlight, water, and if it’s active in the day or night.

What are biotic factors of a niche?

Food sources and predators

Would variations in a habitat cause more or less niche?

More

What’s the difference between a fundamental and realized niche?

Fundamental: theoretically the niche the organism can occupy

Realized: The niche an organism actually occupies

What is the niche situation with deserts and marshes?

Deserts: few organism but many niches

Marshes: many organisms but few niches

What are density dependent factors that limit population? (P.W.L.F.D.P)

1. Predation

2. Water availability

3. Living space

4. Food competition

5. Disease

6. Paratism

What are the density independent factors that limit population? ( C.H.N)

1. Climate

2. Human Disturbance

3. Natural disaster

Why does a boom and bust population happen?

Abiotic factors like temperature and climate

What’s carrying capacity?

The number of individuals of a species that can be supported by an ecosystem

What factors allow human populations to continue to grow exponentially?

1. Technology

2. Transportation

3. Medicine

What will happen if an organism moves into another niche?

Competition and one will be forced to leave