Past Participle Used as Adjectives

Past Participles Used as Adjectives

-Present Participles (ex: estudiando) = used in forming continuous tenses. Past Participles of English verbs often ending in -ed (ex: turned), but many are also irregular (ex: to buy --> bought; to drive --> driven)

-in Spanish, regular -ar verbs form the past participle with (-ado). Regular -er and -ir verbs form the past participle with (-ido)

-the past participles of -ir and -er verbs whose stems end in -a, -e, or -o, carry a written accent mark on the i of the -ido ending.

ex: caer --> caído

creer --> creído

leer --> leído

oir --> oído

reir --> reído (to laugh)

sonreir --> sonreído (to smile)

traer --> traído (to bring)

Irregular Past Participles

(in addition to those -ir/-er verbs whose stem end in -a, -e, or -o

abrir

abierto

decir

dicho

descubrir

descubierto

describir

descrito

escribir

escrito

hacer

hecho

morir

muerto

poner

puesto

resolver

resuelto

romper

roto

ver

visto

volver

vuelto

Past Participles can be used as adjectives

In Spanish, as in English, past participles can be used as adjectives. They are often used with the verb estar to describe a condition or state that results from an action. Like other Spanish adjectives, they must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify.

ex: en la entrada hay algunos letreros escritos en spanish; translation: in the entrance, there are some signs written Spanish

tenemos la mesa puesta y la cena hecha;

translation: we have the table set and the dinner made