lab 16 - reproductive system and embryo development

gonads

sex glands

spermatozoa

a mature sperm cell

ductus deferens

carries sperm from epididymis to urethra

urinary bladder

stores urine

prostate gland

adds a chemical fluid to the semen

corpus cavemosum

corpus spongiosum

surrounds the urethra

urethra

tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

ureter

A duct leading from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

seminal vesicle

male organ that produces seminal fluid for sperm cells

ejaculatory duct

small duct that connects the vas deferens to the urethra

bulbourethral glands

the two glands below the prostate that secrete a sticky fluid that becomes a component of semen

Epididymis

stores sperm

Testies

the male reproductive organ that makes sperm and testosterone

Scrotum

a pouch of skin containing the testicles.

seminiferous tubules

Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes

Spermatogenesis

Formation of sperm

spermatogonia

most immature cells; located near the basement membrane

primary spermatocyte

a cell that divides to form two secondary spermatocytes

lumen of tubule

leydig cells

spermatogonium

primary spermatocytes

secondary spermatocytes

spermatids

spermatozoa

leydig cell

secrete testosterone

Ovary

Fibriae

uterine tube

ovarian ligament

body of the uterus

cervix

uterine tube

urethra

infundibulum

2 regions of ovary

cortex and medulla

cortex of ovary

follicles and corpora lutea are located in the

Oogenesis

Egg production

oogonia

During fetal development these cells give rise to primary oocytes

primary oocyte

a cell that divides to form the polar body and the secondary oocyte

primary follicle

contains an immature oocyte

atresia

before birth and during childhood, cells degenerate

corpus albicans

corpus luteum

ovulated oocyte

Graafian follicle

growing follicle

primary follicle

zona pellucida

oocyte nucleus

secondary oocyte

orange

theca interna

f

granulosa cells

antrum

blue

Progesterone

secreted by the corpus luteum; important for the development of the placenta and the suppression of follicle maturation

pronuclei

Sperm and egg nuclei swell and become

Zygote

fertilized egg (diploid)

Morula

solid ball of cells

Blastocyst

hollow ball of cells

inner cell mass

will become the embryo

trophoblast

outer layer of blastocyst (C)

cellular trophoblast

cells closest to interior of blastocyst

syncytial trophoblast

outer layer cells lose their cell boundaries and form a multinucleate mass

epiblast

primitive ectoderm

hypoblast

primitive endoderm

amniotic cavity

the fluid-filled space between the embryo and the amniotic sac

yolk sac

provides nourishment to the embryo while the placenta is being established

Chrorion

extraembryonic mesoderm and the trophoblast layers form this

chorionic villi

elaborate finger like extensions on the chrorion

gastrulation

cell layers transform into three layers of cells called the primary germ layer

ectoderm

outermost germ layer; produces sense organs, nerves, and outer layer of skin

mesoderm

the middle layer of an embryo in early development - muscles blood bones heart and kidneys

endoderm

the inner germ layer that develops into the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems

allantois

embryonic membrane which develops from the endoderm and mesoderm - forms part of the urinary bladder and contributes to the stalk

What is ectopic pregnancy?

A pregnancy in which the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus

What is placenta previa?

The placenta partially or completely covers the birth canal

dizygotic twins

twins who are produced from two separate ova

monozygotic twins

twins from one egg - genetically identical

What is breech presentation?

when the baby is the wrong way - feet first