american lit test- 2/10/25

vocab:1/17,1/27,1/31. notes:1/17, 1/21, 1/22, 1/28, 1/30, 1/31, txtbook:206-208(include timeline), Poe handout, The Black Cat themes

urban

of, relating to, characteristic of, or constituting a city

agrarian

Based on agriculture, the cultivation of land

eminent

high in station, rank, or repute; prominent; distinguished:

Manifest Destiny

the belief or doctrine, held chiefly in the middle and latter part of the 19th century, that it was the divine (chosen by God) destiny of the U.S. to expand its territory over the whole of North America and to extend and enhance its political, social, religious, and economic influences.

fantastical

Based in fancy or imagination, beyond belief, extreme

conventional

Commonplace, expected; ordinary rather than different or original

admonition

Warning or counsel against mistake or oversight

latent

Hidden; present, but not evident

Bard

A poet-singer skilled in composing and reciting verses

sacred

entitled to religious respect by association with divinity or divine things; holy.

importune

to make improper advances toward (a person), demand with urgency or persistence.

benefactor

One gives help or assistance

superfluous

not needed: unnecessary

conventicle

A secret or unlawful religious meeting

evitable

capable of being avoided

inevitable

Not capable of being avoided

nocturnal

of, relating to, or occurring in the night

mean (archaic)

: lacking dignity or honor: base

sentinel

A sentry: to watch over with vigilance

perturbation

Causing or experiencing a disturbance or agitation

unfathomed

Located at the deepest place; undetermined, unknowable

essential

of the utmost importance: basic, necessary

tarn

a small steep-banked mountain lake or pool

sublime

of outstanding spiritual, intellectual, or moral worth

succinct

expressed in few words; concise; terse

homely

(of a place or surroundings) simple but cozy and comfortable, as in one's own home

baroques

characterized by grotesqueness, extravagance, complexity, or flamboyance

docility

  easily led, taught, or managed

sagacious

of keen and farsighted judgment: DISCERNING

fiend

an evil spirit or demon.

intemperate

having or showing a lack of self-control; immoderate

malevolence

The desire to do evil to others

atrocity

an extremely wicked or cruel act, typically one involving physical violence or injury

debauch

a bout of excessive indulgence in sensual pleasures, especially eating and drinking

equivocal

open to more than one interpretation; ambiguous

conflagration

an extensive fire that destroys a great deal of land or property.

apparition

a ghost or ghostlike image of a person

phantasm

a figment of the imagination; an illusion or apparition

stupefied

make (someone) unable to think or feel properly.

pestilence

a fatal epidemic disease, especially bubonic plague

chimaera or chimera

(in Greek mythology) a fire-breathing female monster with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail.

a thing that is hoped or wished for but, in fact, is illusory or impossible to achieve.

Attitude(American romantic period)

Optimistic! most (not all) romantics soul human progress as full of hopeful possibilities. Like the American enlightenment and revolutionary writers, there was a continued focus on equality and liberty. Americans were eager to create their own world identity.

enlightenment thinkers

1. valued logic, reasoning facts, observational writing based in reality

2. important literature consists of personal journals, first hand accounts, informational texts(phamlets)

3. focus of government: overall, what is best for society, promotion and improvement of unknown areas

4. (mostly)strict adherence to traditional religious ideology.

Romantics

1. valued intuition, gut feelings, instinct

2. important literature consisted of imaginative, fantastical texts, used to escape the real (urban) world

3. focus on gout. should be what is best for the individual. non urban areas seen as utopia, wilderness is better, healthier.

4. traditional beliefs persists, but are joined or amended with more spiritualistic beliefs, like naturalism and transcendentalism. Death is not to be feared, but seen as part of persons natural adventure

themes period:

1. intuition

2. imagination

3. individualism

4. reference for mother nature(the natural world can teach us)

5. common man as he hero (no longer the élite, knights, kinds, etc. ordinary, but clever folks are heroes.

nature

nature is not good or evil, it just is. romantics (positive) focus on growth, learning from nature, scientific, discovery, etc. no moral judgement about the more negative aspects.

nature continued

aspects: gothic romantics focused on the more earthy “dark side” of mother nature, especially human nature. often focusing on the grotesque and macabre

timeline 1812-14

1812-14

war of 1812 reaffirms U.S. independence from Great Britain

timeline 1822

timeline 1825

timeline 1830

timeline 1837

timeline 1844

timelines 1846-48

timeline 1848