Russian History

When did the hardliners try to oust Khrushchev?

1957

What percentage of the population were still political prisoners by 1957?

2% of the soviet population were political prisoners

What role did Khrushchev give to Kaganovich?

Director of the Sverdlovsk cement works

In 1961 how many people were arrested for leading a ‘anti-social, parasitic way of life’?

130,000

What were the words for the work writers published abroad and the word for the work duplicated by hand?

Tamizdat and Samizdat

In 1947 how much was the rouble devalued by?

90%

Wages under Khrushchev?

Wage differentials between highest and lowest paid in USSR was lower than in any other highly industrialised country

What year was the Moscow world festival of youth?

1957

What was the name for the Soviet version of the teddy boys?

Stiliagi

What year were children banned from church services?

1961

How many places of religious worship were closed by 1965?

8000

What years were the fourth five year plans?

1946-50

What percentage of Russia’s industrial capacity was destroyed by the Second World War?

70%

What was the USSR equivalent of the Marshall Aid?

Comecon Cominform

What was the result of the fourth five year plan?

USSR become 2nd to USA in industrial capacity

What years was the fifth five year plan?

1951-55

After the fifth five year plan what did national income increase by?

71%

After the war what fraction of farms were still operational?

1/3

What percentage of pre-war levels did the 1945 harvest produce?

60%

What fraction of the agricultural force was gone after the war?

2/3

What percentage of the 1946 harvest did the state procure?

70%

What year did food rationing end?

1947

What percentage of output came from private plots after the war?

50%

What years was the sixth five year plan?

1956-58

In 1957 the USSR was divided into how many economic regions (with a council)

105

How many Moscow ministries were abolished in 1957?

60

What was set up in 1959 to supervise the seven year plan?

New Supreme economic council

When was Sputnik launched?

1957

Who was the first human in space and in what year?

Yuri Gagarin 1961

What year was decentralisation abandoned?

1965

What was coal production in 1955 compared to 1965?

390 million tons (1955) 580 million tons (1965)

What was one thing Khrushchev did to incentivise peasants to produce more?

Reduced taxes

In what area was the virgin lands scheme taking place?

Western Siberia and Northern Kazakhstan

By 1959 how many millions of hectares of ‘virgin land’ had been ploughed for wheat

35.9 million hectares

In terms of meat under Khrushchev’s rule how much did it increase by?

1952 - 5.2 million tonnes 1964 - 9.1 million tonnes

In terms of cereals under Khrushchev how much did it increase?

1952 - 82 Million tonnes 1964 - 132 million tonnes

Under Khrushchev what percentage of produce sold was from private plots?

30%

When did Stalin die?

March 1953

When was Beria executed?

December 1953

When was the virgin lands scheme launched?

1954

What was the name of Khruschev’s secret speech?

‘On the cult of personality and its consequences’

What year was the party split into rural and urban sections?

1962

What was party membership by 1964?

11 million

Where was Zhukov sent under Stalin?

Military command in Odessa

How many central committee and party congresses were help 1939-52?

No party congresses and only 6 central committee meetings

How many party members did the party have by 1952

7 million

What was the book called that was condemned for not being soviet enough?

The adventures of a monkey

Whose poetry was deemed poisionous?

Anna Akhmatova

Whose poems were deemed ‘apolitical’?

Boris Pasternak

Who was accused of ‘rootless cosmopolitanism’

Shoztakovich

What law was passed relating to foreigners and in what year?

February 1947 - outlawed hotels and marriages to foreigners

How many wartime survivors were sent to camps?

12 million

What year was the Leningrad case and how many were executed?

1949, 4 executed

In terms of anti-semitism whose wives were arrested and in what year?

1949, Molotov and Kalinin

What years did the Mingrelian case take place?

1951-52

What year was the doctor’s plot?

1952

Who were the doctors accused of malpractice against?

Zhadonov

What are three examples of renamed towns?

Stalingrad, Stalino, Stalingorsk

What body was set up during the war?

State defence committee

Approximately how many joined Hitler’s side during the war?

Over a million

What was order 227 and when was it issued?

1942 ‘not one step back’ - killed 150 000

How many party members were part of the army/navy?

2.5 million

How many factories were moved July-November 1941?

1523

What percentage of the country’s coal did German occupied territory control?

63%

Which plant started producing just 20 days after it was moved?

The Engles plant

By what year did industrial output of the USSR exceed Germany?

Mid 1943

What was the grain harvest in 1942 in relation to 1940?

1/3 of 1940

How many million tonnes of military equipment, vehicles and food were provided by foreign aid during the war?

17.5 million

When was the lend-lease scheme and how much money did it provide in aid?

1941, 11 billion dollars in aid

How many USSR citizens were killed from 1941-45?

8.6 million (twice the average daily rate of allies)

What fraction of the 25 million deaths during the war were due to food shortages?

¼

By 1945 over how many soviet workers were women?

Over half

Between what years did women’s pay rate fall (Stalin)

1930-45

How many partisans were there by 1945

A million

How many civilians were killed in total during the war?

19 million

How many soldiers were killed in total during the war?

9 million