Unit 4: The Architecture of Ancient Rome

Forum of Caesar (1st century BCE), contains temple of Venus gentrification, series of monumental columns,

Forum of Augustus, Rome, built by Augustus (10-2 BCE), temple of Mars Ultor, built for legal proceedings and a house temple to Mars

Forum of Trajan, last/largest imperial forum in Rome (98-117 CE), Trajan’s column (113 CE) symbolized his victory over the Damian’s, markets of Trajan (107-110)- Ayla Traiana- vaulted hall, open space, Basilica Ulpia (107-113 CE), two libraries

Corinthian Order

In the Greek Corinthian order, the columns were thin and fluted, meaning they had a series of vertical lines cut into the surface. The style tended to be slender and elegant. The most striking element of the Corinthian order was its very decorative capital with a design of scrolls and unfurled acanthus leaves.

Composite Order

Combining the volutes of the Ionic Order capital with the acanthus leaves of the Corinthian order

Mausoleum of Augustus, Rome (28 CE), stands in relation to the original Pantheon, Egyptian obelisk, represented the political ambitions of Augustus and his family

Ara Pacis Augustae “After of Peace,” 9 CE, built in gratitude to Emporer Augustus, dedicated to peace and prosperity that the reign of Emporer Caesar Augustus had brought to Rome

Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater), Rome (72-80 CE), could hold 50000 to 80000 spectators, “theatre in the round,” oval shape

The Pantheon, built by Emperor Hadrian in 117-128 CE, replaced earlier Pantheon by Marcus Agrippa built in 20 CE, worship all gods,