2f: Respiration

how does respiration result in the production of ATP

energy is released from glucose, which is produced by respiration

where does respiration occur?

in every cell in the living body to provide ATP

is respiration exothermic or endothermic?

exothermic

2 types of respiration

- aerobic
- anaerobic

aerobic respiration

- uses oxygen
- yields most energy
- occurs in mitochondria

aerobic respiration word equation

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

aerobic respiration chemical equation (balanced)

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O

anaerobic respiration

- occurs when there isn't enough oxygen
- doesn't yield as much energy
- only used as a last resort
- complete oxidation of glucose

anaerobic respiration (animals)

glucose -> lactic acid

anaerobic respiration (plant and yeast)

glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide

what is anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast called?

fermentation

what type of respiration produces more ATP

aerobic respiration

oxygen debt

extra oxygen needed to break down lactic acid

glucose breakdown in aerobic respiration

complete

glucose breakdown in anaerobic respiration

incomplete

investigating respiration - the production of carbon dioxide (apparatus)

- boiling tubes
- rubber bungs
- hydrogen carbonate indicator solution
- cotton wool
- glass beads
- boiled/dead seeds

investigating respiration - the production of carbon dioxide (method)

- add 10cm of hydrogencarbonate indicator into 3 boiling tubes
- put in a layer of cotton wool
- add 10 germinating seeds to tube 1, 10 dead seeds to tube 2, and 10 glass beads to tube 3
- seal each tube with a rubber bung
- observe the colour of the indicator after 3 hours

investigating respiration - the production of carbon dioxide (hydrogencarbonate indicator)

- orange in atmospheric co2 levels
- yellow in high co2 levels
- purple in low co2 levels

investigating respiration - the production of carbon dioxide (results)

- tube 1 becomes yellow as seeds respire and produce co2
- tube 2 and 3 remain orange as seeds are dead and there's no living material

investigating respiration - the production of carbon dioxide (CORMMS)

C - seeds
O - seed age
R - repeat for reliability
M1 - change in hydrogen carbonate indicator colour
M2 - 3 hours
S - volume of hydrogen carbonate indicator, number of seeds and temperature of environment

investigating respiration - the production of heat (apparatus)

- vacuum flask
- thermometer
- cotton wool
- germinating seeds
- dead seeds

investigating respiration - the production of heat (method)

- put germinating seeds in flask 1 and dead seeds in flask 2
- plug cotton wool at the top of each flask
- hold the thermometer in place
- invert the flask
- record initial temperature
- record final temperature after 4 days

investigating respiration - the production of heat (results)

- flask 2 shows an increase in temperature as seeds respire and produce heat
- flask 1 remains at rtp as it's not respiring

investigating respiration - the production of heat (CORMMS)

C - content of flask
O - seed age, size and species
R - repeat for reliability
M1 - change in temperature
M2 - 4 days
S - number of seedds, starting temperature and size of flasks