lecture 3 - policy on sustainable development

16/9

what is policy? a set of ideas or a plan of ____________ followed by a business, a government, a political party or a group of people. it can also be a document showing an ____________ you have made with an institution/countries/globe

action, agreement

sustainability is a ___________ issue

global

a new mode of human development is the global task-force, which are partnerships btw governments, the private sector, and civil ____________

society

developing countries generated only 25% of the per capita emissions of _________________ countries

developed

the united nations conference on the Human Environment “Only one Earth” 1972 → evolution of humanity’s relation with ________ + global concern about environment → environmental policy became a _____________ concern within international diplomacy (only one earth)

earth, universal

what is the world conservation strategy of 1980? strategy produced by _____ international NGOs, focused on ecological sustainability - conservation of living ___________ → inadequate attention to wider political, economic, and social issues

3, resources

under the brundtland report, we are searching for strategies for economic and social advancement BUT avoid environmental __________ + over-pollution

degradation

the RIO earth summit, a convention on climate change and biological diversity led to action plans + the introduction of monitoring ___________ (UN commission on sustainable development)

agencies

what is the objective for the division for sustainable development goals (SDGs)? to provide leadership and catalyse _________ in promoting and coordinating implementation or internationally agreed development goals

action

what is the primary function of high-level political forums on sustainable development? to be a platform for reporting on the ___________ of implementing the 2030 agenda

progress

the global commission of sustainable development: road maps, _________ systems, and trans-disciplinary measures + actions

evaluation

what is the choice of regulatory instruments in environmental policy? global commissions lead to _________ policy such as local codes and initiatives

local

two questions in the choice of regulatory instruments in environmental policy:
1. what is the desired ________ of environmental protection → agreements of stakeholders of the country/city with the environment

2. what policy instruments should be ________ to achieve this level of protection? → command-and-control or economic-incentive

level, used

what is command-and-control? overnight? this thing will be _______. and it can be observed

done

what is marketbased/economic incentive? ________ the aggregate cost of achieving a given level of environmental protection and providing dynamic ___________ for the adoption and diffusion of cheaper and better control technologies

minimize, incentives

what are the three S principles of buildable design?
1. Standardi________

2. Sim_________

3. Single _________ elements

standardization, simplicity, single integrated elements