demographic transition model

what countries are in stage 1

a few remote tribes

what is the birth rate like in stage 1

high and fluctuating

what is the death rate like in stage 1

high and fluctuating

what is the total population like in stage 1

low, fluctuating

reasons for birth rate in stage 1

lack on contraception, lack of female education, high infant mortality rate so insurance births, children are economic asset

reasons for death rate in stage 1

poor sanitation so diseases like cholera, lack of good quality foods, lack of healthcare

what are some countries in stage 2

Afghanistan, Niger, Gambia

what is birth rate like in stage 2

it remains high

what is death rate like in stage 2

it falls rapidly

what is the total population like in stage 2

increases rapidly

reasons for birth rate in stage 2

lack of contraception, lack of female education, high infant mortality rate so insurance births, children are an economic asset in rural areas.

reasons for death rate in stage 2

medical improvements, better quality and quantity of food and better sanitation so increased availability of clean water

what are some countries in stage 3

Brazil, India, Mexico

what is the birth rate like in stage 3

it starts to fall

what is the death rate like in stage 3

it continues to fall more slowly

what is the total population like in stage 3

it continues to increase

what is the reasons for birth rate in stage 3

increased availability of contraception, lower infant mortality rate, female emancipation, urbanisation so children become an economic burden,people want to spend money on lifestyle

what are the reasons for death rate in stage 3

medical improvements, better quality and quantity of food, better sanitation and so increased availability of clean water

what are some countries in stage 4

UK, USA, Canada

what is the birth rate like in stage 4

continues to fall slowly

what is the death rate like in stage 4

it remains low

what is the total population like in stage 4

levels off

what are the reasons for the birth rate in stage 4

increased availability of contraception, lower infant mortality rate so no need for insurance births, female emancipation, urbanisation so children become and economic burden, people prefer to spend money on lifestyle

reasons for the death rate in stage 4

medical improvements, better quality food, better sanitation so increased availability of clean water

what are some countries in stage 5

Russia, Japan, Italy, France

what is the birth rate like in stage 5

it continues to decline slowly and falls below death rate

what is the death rate like in stage 5

it increases slightly and goes above birth rate

what is the total population like in stage 5

it starts to decline

what are the reasons for birth rate in stage 5

women are in high powered jobs and a number choose to remain childless

what are the reasons for death rate in stage 5

an ageing population