intro anatomy and physiology quiz chap 6

Front: What is the largest organ in the body?

Back: Skin

Front: What does the integumentary system include?

Back: Hair, fingernails, sensory receptors, and glands

Front: Two main layers of the skin?

Back: Epidermis (outer), Dermis (inner)

Front: What layer lies beneath the dermis?

Back: Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis) – made of adipose & connective tissue

Front: Does the epidermis have blood vessels?

Back: No

Front: Thick vs thin skin – how many epidermal layers?

Back: Thin skin = 4 layers, Thick (hairless) skin = 5 layers

Front: Outermost layer of epidermis?

Back: Stratum corneum

Front: Deepest layer of epidermis?

Back: Stratum basale

Front: What process hardens skin cells before they shed?

Back: Keratinization

Front: What causes calluses?

Back: Friction → hardening of skin

Front: Function of melanocytes?

Back: Produce melanin (protects against UV light)

Front: What are the factors that affect skin color?

Back: Environmental, blood, diet, and disease

Front: What connective tissue makes up the dermis?

Back: Dense connective tissue (collagen & elastic fibers)

Front: What structures are found in the dermis?

Back: Blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands

Front: What muscle makes hair stand up when cold/scared?

Back: Arrector pili muscle

Front: Function of sebaceous glands?

Back: Produce sebum (oil), keeps hair & skin soft

Front: Two types of sweat glands and their functions?

Back: Eccrine: body temp regulation (sweat) Apocrine: stress and arousal

Front: Normal body temperature set point?

Back: 98.6°F

Front: Vasodilation vs vasoconstriction?

Back: Vasodilation=blood vessels widen, release heat Vasoconstriction=blood vessels narrow, conserve heat

Front: What does the hypothalamus control in the skin?

Back: Body temperature regulation

Front: Signs of inflammation?

Back: Redness, heat, swelling, pain

Front: How do shallow wounds heal?

Back: Epithelial cells divide quickly and fill the gap

Front: Steps of deep wound healing?

Back: 1. Blood clots forms, 2. Fibroblasts release collagen, 3. Macrophages clean debris, 4. Scab forms and falls off—> scar fades

Front: What is carcinoma?

Back: Cancerous tumor (less fatal)

Front: What is melanoma?

Back: Tumor of melanocytes, more fatal than carcinoma

Front: What does ABCDE stand for in skin cancer detection?

Back: Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving