Questions to be answered from Foundations in Pathophysiology

How is the concept of homeostasis used in health and disease? Give some examples.

Homeostasis is when the body is in normal range

Define etiology, etiologic agent, pathogenesis, and pathogen.

Etiology: Causes of the disease

Etiologic Agent: Anything that can cause a disease

Pathogenesis: How a disease develops

Pathogen: microorganism or chemical

4 Compare acute and chronic disease. Give examples for each.

Acute Disease: last less than 2 weeks

- appendicitis

- gastritis

Chronic Disease: Last longer

- COPD

- Heart Failure

Give an example of prevention

vaccine

Give an example intervention.

Treating symptoms early

primary prevention

vaccine

secondary prevention

early detection and screening

tertiary prevention.

reduce the severity of the disease

Define symptom

symptoms are not observable like pain

Describe the process of differential diagnosis.

making a list of possible conditions that could be causing a person's symptoms.

iatrogenic causes of disease

caused by treatment

idiopathic causes of disease

unknown reason

Define palliative relief

providing relief but doesn't cure like cancer pain meds

Define prognosis

best guess of how things are gonna come out

Prodromal Period

characterized by the presence of early signs and nonspecific symptoms of a disease

Describe the acute phase of a disease.

the actual disease (when you have runny nose)

What is latent period

from the time you were exposed to the time you get symptoms

Define convalescence.

Recovery period

Describe sequela

problems resulting from disease

Clinical tests should be?

Reliable and valid

Define epidemiology.

study of the spread of disease

Endemic Disease

localized area

Epidemic Disease

large number of cases in one area

Pandemic Disease

Disease that is everywhere

3 Leading Causes of death in the US

heart disease, cancer, covid

Why is it important to collect and distribute statistics

to inform risks and interventions

Where does diagnosis come from?

scientific method

Common Diagnostic Tests

blood work, urinalysis, diagnostic imaging

Signs of a disease

Observable indications such as fever, abnormal pulse rate, or abnormal skin color are?