Reversible Reactions and equillibrium constant 1

The rate of reaction is...

the amount of product that is made in a reaction in a specified time period

At what time did this system reach dynamic equilibrium?

Give your answer to the nearest minute

5 min

Dynamic equilibrium is reached when the…

reversible reactions occur in a closed system

rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the backward reaction

concentration of the reactants remains constant

concentration of the products remains constant

If the concentration of reactants is greater than the concentration of product, we say that the reaction’s equilibrium position lies to the...

left.

What are the features of a reaction at equilibrium? (3)

The rates of the forward and backward reactions are equal

The reactant and product concentrations are constant

The rates of the forward and backwards reactions are constant

When the concentration of a reactant in equilibrium increases what happensd to the yield of the product?

the yield of the product increases

When the pressure in a system increases, the reaction’s equilibrium position moves...

to the side with fewer gas molecules

When the temperature of a system is increased, the equilibrium position moves…

in the direction of the endothermic reaction

When Le Chatelier decreases the temperature of the system, the reaction’s equilibrium position moves…

in the exothermic direction

Le Chatelier’s principle states that…

when a factor that affects the equilibrium is changed, the equilibrium position will move to counteract that change

Answer le chatliers principle key point:(4)

1)state relevant features of reaction

2)state whether equillibrium position will move to the left or right

3)state why the equillibrium position moved

4) state how this affects the yield of the product

A catalyst is a substance that…

increases the rate of the forward and backward reaction equally and is not used up in a reaction.+doesnt affect the equillibrium position

A catalyst is added to a reaction in equilibrium, what happens to the rates of the forward and backward reactions?

Both increase equally

A reaction takes place in aqueous solution.

2HCl (aq)+MgSO4(aq)⇌MgCl2(aq)+H2SO4(aq)

What happens when water is added to the system?

Adding water to the system will increase the volume of the solution, which decreases the concentration of all the reactants and products. This is because concentration=moles/volume.= The position of equilibrium will shift to counteract this change. The position of equilibrium will shift to the left, because this side has more molecules. This shift increases the amount of moles, and therefore the concentration.

How do Conditions that increase the rate of reaction affect yield...

don’t always increase the yield

When industries carry out reactions, they need to consider…(4)

conditions that increase the rate of reaction

conditions that increase the yield of product

the safety of the equipment

economic costs

How could you decrease the time taken to reach dynamic equilibrium?(4)

Increase the pressure

Increase the temperature

Increase the reactant concentration

Adding a catalyst

All these options increase the rate of reaction, which decreases the time to reach equilibrium

Which formula can we use to predict the amount of product we have at equilibrium, compared to reactant.

concentration of product/concentration of reactants

For a given reaction, the concentration of products at equilibrium divided by the concentration of reactants…

remains constant with increasing initial concentration of reactant

The symbol for the equilibrium constant is...

K_c

If the concentration of products at equilibrium is greater than the concentration of reactants, the value for Kc will be…

more than 1.

If the concentration of products at equilibrium is less than the concentration of reactants, the value for Kc​ will be…

less than 1.