Review Questions and Answers
1. As a student of your program, why is it important to know more about Philippine history? Explain your answer.
As a student of your program, it is important to know more about Philippine history because it helps us understand our roots, culture, and identity. Learning about our past enables us to appreciate the struggles and achievements of our ancestors, which shapes our present and future. It also fosters a sense of national pride and unity, and allows us to learn from past mistakes to build a better society.
2. Would you support the decision of the National Historical Commission that the cry of revolution happened in Pugad Lawin? Explain your answer.
Yes, I would support the decision of the National Historical Commission that the cry of revolution happened in Pugad Lawin. This event is significant because it marked the start of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule. Recognizing it in Pugad Lawin helps honor the bravery and sacrifices of the revolutionaries who ignited the fight for our country’s independence.
3. With the Filipino version rivaling the Spanish version of Cavite mutiny, which do you think is much more plausible? Expound.
The Filipino version of the Cavite Mutiny is more plausible because it reflects the genuine grievances of Filipino workers and soldiers against the oppressive policies of the Spanish colonial government. The Spanish version, which portrayed the mutiny as part of a grand conspiracy, was likely exaggerated to justify harsher repression and control over the Filipinos.
4. What do we mean by “One past, many histories”? Explain your answer.
“One past, many histories” means that while we have a single past, there are multiple perspectives and interpretations of historical events. Different groups of people may have different experiences and views of the same event, leading to diverse historical narratives. Understanding this helps us appreciate the complexity of history and respect different viewpoints.
5. How did the Martyrdom of GOMBURZA and the Cavite Mutiny contribute to the growth of Filipino Nationalism? Explain your answer.
The martyrdom of GOMBURZA (Fathers Mariano Gómez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora) and the Cavite Mutiny were pivotal in igniting Filipino nationalism. The execution of GOMBURZA for alleged involvement in the mutiny, despite limited evidence, exposed the injustices of Spanish colonial rule and galvanized the Filipino people to fight for reform and independence. These events inspired future leaders, including José Rizal, and fueled the nationalist movement.
6. What is the significance of the Tearing of Cedulas? What did the Cedulas signify? Explain your answer.
The tearing of cedulas (residence certificates) during the Cry of Pugad Lawin was significant because it symbolized the Filipinos’ rejection of Spanish colonial rule and their willingness to fight for independence. The cedulas were a form of identification and taxation imposed by the Spanish authorities, and tearing them was a bold act of defiance and a declaration of the start of the revolution.
7. What role do education and the media play in influencing how the public views historical disputes as they change over time?
Education and the media play crucial roles in shaping how the public views historical disputes over time. Through education, people learn about history from different perspectives, which can influence their understanding and opinions. The media, by reporting on historical events and disputes, also shapes public perception and awareness. Both can highlight new findings and perspectives, leading to a more informed and nuanced understanding of history.
8. How do stories about Rizal’s Retraction impact modern perceptions of Rizal and his contributions to Filipino identity?
Stories about Rizal’s retraction, which claim he gave up his fight against Spanish rule and returned to the Catholic faith before his death, make people question his dedication and legacy. Despite this, many Filipinos still honor him for his role in shaping national identity and fighting for independence. This controversy shows that historical figures are complex and need careful study to understand fully.
9. What takeaway do you believe the Cavite Mutiny taught us?
The Cavite Mutiny taught us the importance of standing up against oppression and fighting for justice. It highlighted the harsh conditions under Spanish rule and the courage of Filipinos who resisted. The mutiny also demonstrated the power of collective action and set the stage for future nationalist movements that ultimately led to Philippine independence.
10. What is the core Filipino claim in the Cavite Mutiny dispute?
The core Filipino claim in the Cavite Mutiny dispute is that the mutiny was a response to the oppressive and unjust policies of the Spanish colonial government, not a mere conspiracy as portrayed by the Spanish. Filipinos argue that the mutiny was driven by legitimate grievances and was an early expression of the desire for independence and self-determination.
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