Results for "Auricle"

Basic Procedures: Ocular and Auricle

LU11 Heart - Subset - Chambers, Auricles, Regions, and Layers

The pathway of sound from the auricle to the auditory cortex

Front Back Acousto- Hearing Af- Toward Alges/o Sense of pain Audi/o Hearing, sound Aur/o Ear Blephar/o Eyelid Cac/o Bad or ill Cerebell/o Cerebellum; small hind brain Cerebr/o Brain, cerebrum; large outer brain Chrom/o Color Conjunctiv/o Conjunctiva; lining of the surface of the eye Corne/o Cornea Cor/o Pupil Core/o Pupil Dacry/o Tears, tear duct Dendr/o Tree Disk Flat, round structure; intervertebral disk Dur/o Tough Echo- Reflected sound Ef- Away from Encephal/o Brain Esthesi/o Feeling, sensation Fovea Pit or depression -ferent Carry Furc/o Branch; forked Gangli/o Ganglion; mass of nerve tissue -glia Gluey substance Gloss/o Tongue Hydr/o Water -ia State of, condition,, process -ictal Seizure, attack Irid/o Iris Kerat/o Horn, hard tissue Cornea transparent part of the coat of the eyeball that covers the iris and pupil and admits light to the interior Labyrinth Labyrinth; maze Lacrim/o Tears -lepsy Seizure Lingu/o Tongue Mal- Bad, abnormal -mania Madness Meat/o Passage, opening meatus Megal/o Large Mening/o Meninges; lining of the central nervous system -mentia Mental, mind Myel/o Bone marrow or spinal cord Myring/o Eardrum, tympanic membrane Narc/o Numbness, stupor Neur/o Neuron, nerve Noct/i/o/u Night Ocul/o Eye Olfact- Smell -opia Vision (condition of) Opt/o Vision Ophthalm/o Eye Ot/o Ear Pachy- Thick Phasia Speak or speech Phas/o Speech -phobia Fear -phonia Sound or voice Phon/o Sound Phot/o Light -phrenia Disorder of the mind Poli/o Gray matter disease Presby/o- Old age Psych/o Mind, soul -ptosis Prolapse, drooping Pupill/o Pupil of the eye Radicul/o Nerve root, spine Reticul/o Network of cells Retin/o Retina; inner lining of the eye Rhiz/o Nerve root -schisis Split, fissure Schiz/o Split Scler/o Sclera; white of the eye or hardening Sens- Feeling Son/o Sound -spasm Sudden, involuntary muscular contraction Staped/o- Stapes; bone of the middle ear Ton/o Tension, pressure Tympan/o Eardrum Vitre/o Glass-like Achromatism (condition of) Absence of color; colorless; unable to see color Acoustic Pertaining to hearing Afferent To carry toward Anesthesia Without feeling or sensation Aphasia Without speech Audiogram Record of hearing Audiometer Instrument to measure hearing Audiometry Measurement of hearing Auditory Pertaining to hearing Auricle Outer ear Binocular Pertaining to two eyes Blepharitis Inflammation of the eyelid(s) Blepharoplasty Surgical repair of the eyelid(s) Blepharoptosis Drooping of the eyelids Blepharospasm Involuntary contraction of the eyelid Cacophony Bad sound Cerebrospinal Pertaining to the brain and spinal cord Conjunctivitis Inflammation of the conjunctiva Dacryocystorhinostomy Surgical creation of an opening between lacrimal sac and nose Dendrites Branch of a neuron Dementia Memory impairment Diplopia Double vision Dysphasia Difficulty speaking Efferent To carry away from Encephalitis Inflammation of the brain Encephalotomy To dissect the brain Epilepsy Recurring seizures Exophthalmic Eyes slightly out Fovea Pit Hydrocephalus Condition of water in the brain Hyperopia Far vision (referring to farsighted) Insomnia Not being able to sleep Intraocular Within the eye Iridectomy Removal of the iris Keratometry Measurement of the cornea Keratoplasty Repair of the cornea (corneal transplant) Keratotomy Incisions into the cornea (corrects mild to moderate myopia) Lacrimal Related to the tear ducts Malaise A feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness Megalomania Madness about great or large(having an over- inflated ego) Meninges Meninges or coverings of the brain Meningitis Inflammation of the brain coverings (meninges) Meningocele Herniation or protrusion of the meninges Microglia small glue; specialized neuroglial cells Monochromatic One color or hue Motor Referring to movement Myelography The process of recording a picture of the spinal cord Myopia Nearsightedness Narcolepsy Sleep seizures Neuralgia Nerve pain Neuroglia(l) Nerve glue (supporting nerve cells) Neurology The study of nerves Neuron Pertaining to the nerve Oculomotor Movement of the eye Olfactory Referring to smell Oligodendrocyte Specialized neuroglial cells Ophthalmologist One who studies the eyes Ophthalmoplegia Paralysis of the eye(s) Ophthalmoscope Instrument to view the interior of the eye(s) Optic Having to do with the eye Optometry Measurement of the eyes Ossicle Small bones ( especially tiny middle ear bones) Otitis media Middle ear infection Otolaryngologist one who specializes with the ear, nose and throat Otoscope Instrument to view inside the ear Photophobia Fear of light (what it really means is to be light sensitive) Polyneuritis Inflammation of many nerves Presbyopia Aging vision Radiculopathy Nerve root disease Reticular Net-like Reticulocyte Net cell Retinopathy Disease of the retina Schizophrenia Condition of split mind Sense Feeling Somnambulism State of sleep walking or other motor acts during sleep Spinal Spine or spinal cord Stapedectomy Removal of the stapes (to correct conductive deafness) Tonometer Instrument to measure pressure (used for glaucoma) Trigeminal Relating to cranial nerve Tympanitis Inflammation of the ear drum Vitrectomy Removal of the vitreous Vitreous Glass-like fluid of the eye Myringotomy Incision into the ear drum Poliomyelitis Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord (disease)

“Oral cavity : ➢ Def: It is the inlet for the digestive system ➢Extensions: from the lips to the oropharyngeal isthmus ➢Subdivisions of the mouth: 1- Oral vestibule: The space between the lips and cheeks on one hand and the teeth and gums on the other 2-Mouth cavity proper: The space within the dental arches Boundaries: a. Roof: hard and soft palates. b. Floor: mylohyoid muscles and the tongue The oral cavity (mouth) Divides oven and pharyngeal caving I 30 o ➢ The lips are two fleshy folds that surround the oral orifice ➢ Covered on the outside by skin and are lined on the inside by mucous membrane. ➢ Contents: ✓ Muscles : Mainly The orbicularis oris muscle ✓ Labial blood vessels and nerves, ✓ Connective tissue, ✓ Small salivary glands. The lips on Iet ➢ Def:- Mass of striated muscles covered with the mucous membrane -Divided into right and left halves by a median septum ➢ Parts: 1. Oral part (anterior ⅔):triangular in shape with apex of the tongue 2. Pharyngeal part (posterior ⅓): directed backwards 3. Root (base):attached to the mandible and the hyoid bone The tongue i pas siw y y a mandible g It Is Hyoid bone ➢ Two surfaces: I. Dorsal surface :It is divided into two parts by the V-shaped sulcus terminalis. 1. Oral part (Anterior 2/3) : mucosa is rough and shows: filiform, fungiform, foliate and valllate papillae 2. Pharyngeal part (Posterior 1/3) : contain lymphatic nodules (lingual tonsils) II. Ventral (inferior): Smooth, it shows: ✓ Frenulum ✓ Deep lingual vein: Lateral to frenulum ✓ Fimbriated fold: a fold of mucosa lateral to lingual vein The tongue Papillaeserve toPurposes S taste to increase surface area of tons ➢ Muscles of the tongue I-Intrinsic : ➢ They originate and insert within the substance of the tongue, they are superior longitudinal, Inferior longitudinal, Transverse, Vertical. ➢ Function :They change the shape of the tongue, i.e. they shorten, flatten and broaden the tongue. II. Extrinsic ➢ Connect the tongue to the surrounding structures: the soft palate and the bones (mandible, hyoid bone, styloid process) ➢ Include: Palatoglossus, Genioglossus, Hyoglossus and Styloglossus ➢ Function: Help in movements of the tongue Movements of the tongue 1. Protrusion: Genioglossus on both sides acting together 2. Retraction: Styloglossus and hyoglossus on both sides acting together 3. Depression: Hyoglossus and genioglossus on both sides acting together 4. Elevation: Styloglossus and palatoglossus on both sides acting together The tongue ASCII Muscles of the tongue The tongue I. Intrinsic muscles II. Extrinsic muscles the lounge Points to what side the stroke is O Blood Supply I. Arteries Lingual artery: -The main arterial supply of the tongue -Arise from the external carotid artery -Branches: 1. Dorsal lingual arteries: supply the root of the tongue 2. Deep lingual arteries: supply the body of the tongue 3. Sublingual arteries: supply the floor of the mouth and the sublingual glands II. Veins 1.Deep lingual veins :drains the anterior part of the tongue 2. Dorsal lingual vein: drains the posterior part of the tongue ➢the veins of the two sets join to form the lingual vein which ends in internal jugular veins The tongue The tongue Blood Supply The tongue Nerve Supply I. Sensory 1.Anterior ⅔: • General sensations: Lingual nerve • Special sensations : Chorda tympani 2. Posterior ⅓: General & special sensations: glossopharyngeal nerve 3. Base: General & special sensations: internal laryngeal nerve II. Motor Intrinsic muscles: Hypoglossal nerve Extrinsic muscles: All supplied by the hypoglossal nerve, except the palatoglossus (supplied by the vagus via pharyngeal plexus) Lymphatic drainage ✓Tip: Submental nodes bilaterally & then deep cervical nodes ✓Anterior two third: Submandibular unilaterally & then deep cervical nodes ✓Posterior third: Deep cervical nodes Posterior Ihastnervetreert Anteriorz has2nerves remembers min no The palate Parts: 1-Hard (bony) palate (anteriorly) 2-Soft (muscular) palate (posteriorly): ✓ formed of muscles covered by mucosa ✓ attached to the posterior border of the hard palate ➢ Uvula: Small projection that hangs from the posterior margin of the soft palate LAB Soft palate ➢ Muscles of soft palate (5): ✓ Tensor palati (Tensor veli palatini) ✓ Levator palati (Levator veli palatini ) ✓ Palatoglossus ✓ Palatopharyngeus, ✓ Musculus uvulae Nerve Supply 1.Sensory supply: Maxillary nerve through : a-Greater palatine nerve b- Lesser palatine nerve c-Nasopalatine nerve 2. Motor supply: All muscles of the palate are innervated by vagus nerve [X] through pharyngeal plexus except for the tensor palati, which is innervated by the mandibular nerve Blood supply Arteries: 1-Branches of the maxillary artery: a. Greater palatine b. Lesser palatine c. Sphenopalatine 2-Ascending palatine artery 3-Ascending pharyngeal artery Veins: follow the arteries and drain into the pterygoid plexus of veins in the infratemporal fossa The palate INTRODUCTION Salivary glands: are composed of 3 major glands, in addition to minor glands. Major •2 Parotid glands. •2Submandibular glands •2Sublingual glands. Minor •Multiple minor glands The parotid gland ➢Size: It is the largest of the salivary glands ➢Site: It lies below the auricle, between ramus of mandible & mastoid process. overlap the masseter (anteriorly) and sternomastoid (posteriorly) ➢Parotid gland is enclosed in a sheath of deep fascia called the parotid capsule( fascia) ➢Shape: Pyramidal ➢Parts: 1-Main part 2-Accessory part: above parotid duct 3-Deep part ➢Parotid duct: ✓Emerges from anterior border of gland ✓Runs forwards, superficial to masseter ✓Termination: Pierces buccinator muscle to open into the vestibule of mouth, opposite the upper 2nd molar tooth The parotid gland STRUCTURES WITHIN THE PAROTID GLAND 1.Facial nerve & its five terminal branches 2.Retromandibular vein and its tributaries 3.External carotid artery and its terminal branches (superficial temporal & maxillary): deepest structure 4.Deep parotid lymph nodes: embedded within substance of the gland The parotid gland NERVE SUPPLY A-PARASYMPATHETIC: ➢Preganglionic fibers: run along the lesser petrosal nerve , branch of glossopharyngeal (9th cranial) ➢The fibers relay in the otic ganglion ➢Postganglionic fibers: reach the parotid gland along auriculotemporal nerve B-SYMPATHETIC: From postganglionic sympathetic fibers around external carotid artery C-Sensory : Auriculotemporal nerve. The parotid gland Submandibular Gland Site: It lies in submandublar fossa of mandible Parts: superficial and deep parts (divided by the mylohyoid muscle). ➢Superficial part: directly related submandibular fossa ➢Deep part: lies on the lateral surface of the hyoglossus muscle. Submandibular duct ✓It emerges from the deep part of the gland. ✓It passes forward along the side of the tongue ✓It is crossed laterally by the lingual nerve. ✓It opens at the summit of sublingual papilla. Sublingual Gland Size: The smallest of the three major paired salivary glands Shape: Almond in shape Site: directly related to sublingual fossa of the mandible The sublingual gland drains into the oral cavity via numerous small ducts (minor sublingual ducts). . Superficial part of submandibular gland Deep part of submandibular gland Sublingual gland Submandibular and Sublingual Glands ➢ Nerve supply 1.Parasympathetic: from the facial nerve via the chorda tympani, and the submandibular ganglion 2.Sympathetic: From postganglionic sympathetic fibers around facial artery (for submandibular gland) &lingual artery (for sublingual gland) 3.Sensory: lingual nerve ➢ Blood supply: facial vessels (for submandibular gland) and lingual vessels( for sublingual glands ) Submandibular and Sublingual Glands Thank you”