Texas Floriculture CDE Bank- 2022-2026

Vase life is the length of time that:

Cut flowers usually remain acceptable

The first major civilization to have professional floral designers was the:

Greeks

Which period in the history of floral design scattered roses on the tables and floor at banquets?

Romans

All of the following are bulbous and tuberous-rooted plants except:

Snapdragons

The word photoperiod has to do with light:

Duration

Fertilization in a flower takes place when:

A sperm and egg unite

A container often used at Thanksgiving for floral arrangements and symbolic of a plentiful harvest is the:

Cornucopia

A plant is placed in a kitchen window. What should be done to make it grow healthy and equally on all sides?

Turn the plant periodically to allow equal amounts of sunlight

Generally, roses are graded according to _______ of stem.

Length

In order to survive in the florist business, an owner/manager must be able to determine the true value of the product and strive for improvement of the perceived value. This is called

Profit pricing

A palmately compound leaf has:

Leaflet

The new growth of a Dieffenbachia is weak and spindly, with large gaps between the leaves. The problem is probably:

Lack of light

The reason for putting irregularly shaped stones or broken pieces of pottery into the bottom of a pot containing flowering plants is:

It helps the soil to drain after being watered

The pierce wiring technique works best on flowers that have a

Thick calyx

The following is not a characteristic of an insect:

Two tentacles

Growing medium kept too wet will deprive plants of:

Oxygen

A method of applying pesticides to plants that can be effectively used in greenhouse but not outdoors is:

Fumigation

Pre-formed pot covers used on potted plants are called

Speed covers

A floral arrangement should be finished on all sides if it is to be placed:

In front of a mirror

A poinsettia crop that is four weeks late in flowering for Christmas was very likely exposed to:

Lighting at night

The showy red, pink, or white portions of the poinsettia are called:

Bracts

Irregularly shaped holes with smooth edges appear in Celosia leaves. Some leaves are even missing. The plants should be treated for:

Slugs and snails

Visual balance is achieved by the proper placement of plant materials according to _______.

Color and size

All of the following processes will help speed the opening of buds, except

Misting stems with cold water

What mechanical tool can be used with a glass vase to stabilize flowers?

A grid made of plastic or anchor tape

What are two key elements in increasing sales and building wedding business for the retail florist?

Promotion and advertising

If you have a work related problem that you do not know how to solve, you should take it to your supervisor:

With alternative solutions

A zinnia is an example of a flower having a ______ texture.

Coarse

The stomata of a plant leaf:

Regulate water vapor loss from the plant

What is a good sign that potted plants need to be repotted?

New leaves are quite a bit smaller than older ones

IPM is an acronym for:

Integrated Pest Management

A consumer tracking study over floral trends showed that on average ____ of floral sales, excluding holiday sales, were not for any special occasion.

50%

Short, crooked rose peduncles often result from

Excessive vigor

The timing of an Easter lily crop is complicated because:

The earlier the date of Easter, the longer it takes to force them

What type of water supply do cut flowers need to transport food and to keep the stems stiff?

Constant water supply

A roll of ribbon is known as _____.

A bolt

Flowers are subject to chilling injury at temperatures below _____ degrees F.

50

There are three main ingredients in floral preservatives. Which of the following is not one of these ingredients?

Caking agent

Cut carnations are classified into two groups:

Standards and miniatures

Deluxe floral foam is used to:

Hold heavy stemmed flowers

The three critical responsibilities of a manager in a flower shop include all of the following except

Advertising and networking the shop

Color can used in a design to achieve all of the following except

Proportion

Cool colors include color combinations like:

Blue-green, blue, blue-violet, and violet

_____ is used to secure the floral form to the design container.

Anchor tape

The term “texture”, as it applies to plants, includes such adjectives as:

Fine, medium, and coarse

Leafhoppers affect many cut flowers crops such as

Statice and asters

When ordering flowers from a wholesale florist, one should consider the following:

All of these (availability, keeping quality, and price)

This element is essential for strong stems, strong roots, and deep flower color. A deficiency in plants shows up as weak stems, and a yellowing and browning of leaves at their tips and edges.

Potassium

What is a terrarium?

A container, usually made of glass, that houses one or more live plants

A correct way to remove mealybugs from plants is:

Dab each bug with a cotton swab dipping in rubbing alcohol

In traditional arrangements, materials with higher visual weight are used lower in the arrangement to create stable effect; they are sunken a little further into the arrangement for depth. Identify the significant principles of design that are related to balance:

Stability & depth

The characteristics of a formal arrangement include all but one the following. Identify the characteristic which is NOT normally associated with a formal arrangement.

Arrangement may be placed off-center

The Alstroemeria is most closely related to the following plant:

Easter lily

Air layered plant are removed from the parent plant:

As soon as the roots are visible

The blending of all components of a design is known as?

Harmony

Which of the following is a true statement?

The lower the number, the thicker the wire and narrower the ribbon

Certain plants are quite suitable for use in terrariums. Which, if any, of the following are suitable for this use?

Both of these (creeping fig and needlepoint ivy)

The florist’s chrysanthemum is a ______________.

All of these (composite inflorescence, complex hybrid, and short day plant)

An example of a mass flower is:

Rose

This design is the easiest for a beginner because it does not require a focal point.

Round

A design that is a naturalistic design in which flowers and plant material is placed as they would grow in nature is called:

Vegetative design

Of the following, which gauge of wire has the thinnest diameter?

36

Specialty cut flowers may be defined as:

Cut flowers other than roses, carnations, and chrysanthemums

To develop a focal point you should:

All of these (use darker colored flowers, use larger flowers, and use form flowers)

A group of orchids have a problem caused by improper culture. The foliage is dark green and healthy, but the plant won't flower. The probable cause is _______.

Too little light

Which of the following sympathy floral designs are more symbolic and based on forms of specific shapes?

Set pieces

An organism capable of causing a disease is called:

A pathogen

A cut flower crop has distorted leaves and flowers and the flowers fail to form. What is the possible cause?

Leafhoppers

The Occidental style of flower arranging began in ________.

Egypt

Analogous color harmony utilizes:

Two or three adjacent colors on the color wheel

The area within a composition occupied by material is called ________.

Positive space

When completing flowers for a wedding you may work with all but one of the following arrangements except

Full couch spray arrangement

A design that uses a combination of both natural and manmade materials in an unnatural manner to create a new image is called a:

Interpretive design

Floral arrangements designed with visual paths along which the eye is led from one point of interest to another are called

Line arrangements

When making an English Georgian type arrangement it should be?

Formal and symmetrical

There are three basic types of pots that are commonly used in the greenhouse industry. Which of the following is not one of the basic types?

Designer pot

The flowers and leaves of a rose are mottled and streaked with silver, and dusty black droppings have collected. This damage is indicative of:

Thrips

What is the biggest difference between pricing wedding work and regular daily sales?

More labor is required

Successful advertising to a target audience is based on the three profit “P”’s. Which one of the following is not part of the three profit “P”’s?

Persuasive

Mass production techniques can often be used for all of the following arrangements except

A walk in customer’s anniversary flowers

What type of plants are best suited for closed system terrariums?

Tropical plants

Hanging plants used in interior landscapes function to:

Smooth squared edges found in the architecture

To check if a plant needs water, touch the soil with your finger: if the plant needs water the soil will feel:

Dry and warm

The highest percentage of florist industry sales are made by:

Telephone

Secondary colors consist of:

Orange, green and violet

How many essential nutrients are essential to plant growth and reproduction?

Sixteen

The Hogarth “S” design was made in which period?

Baroque

The flower part that contains the pollen is the:

Anther

Transition in a floral arrangement is the process of rhythmic change through progression, sequence, or

Gradation

Which of the following can be a negative effect of using leaf shine often on potted plants?

Blocking of leaf stomata

Which of the following is NOT a primary principle of design:

Accent

The most important cut flower crops in the US are:

Mum, rose, carnation

Fertilizer that you add to your flowering plants contains the following elements in the correct order:

Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

Plant texture is determined by _______.

Both foliage density and plant shape

Flower stems should be cut approximately at a _____ angle.

45 degree

An explant is:

Plant produced from a tissue (meristem)

______ play a powerful role in advertising floral shops and in most locations leads all other media in sales return for dollar spent.

Window displays

Nosegay originated during which period in the history of floral design:

English-Georgian

Which of the following is NOT important for a floral designer to ask when designing arrangements for a specific room?

What percent of the budget does the room cost

If a customer you are serving has a complaint, the first thing that you should do is:

Listen very carefully