Unit 1 Revision The cell cycle and cell growth, death and differentiation

What is binary fission?

Asexual reproduction in prokaryotic cells which results in the creation of two identical daughter cells

What are the main phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Interphase (G1, S, G2) and M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis)

What happens during mitosis?

The nucleus divides into two

What is cytokinesis?

The division of cytoplasm to create two identical daughter cells

What is apoptosis?

Programmed cell death that removes damaged or unwanted cells.

What happens if apoptosis or the cell cycle is disrupted?

Unregulated cell growth and cancer

What are the characteristics of cancer cells?

Uncontrolled growth, avoidance of apoptosis, ability to invade other tissues

What are stem cells?

Undifferentiated cells that can divide and become specialised cell types.

Pluripotent

Cell can differenciate into most cell types but not all tissue types

Multipotent

Can differentiate into multiple but limited cell types in a tissue or organ

Totipotent

Can differentiate into any cell type, including the placenta