math

acute angle(ch 1)

an angle that measures more than 0 degrees, but less than 90 degrees

adjacent angles(ch 1)

two angles that share a common vertex and side, but have no common interior points

angle(ch 1)

A set of points consisting of two different rays that
have the same endpoint

angle bisector(ch 1)

a ray that divides an angle into two angles that are congruent

axiom(ch 1)

a rule that is accepted without proof

between(ch 1)

When three points are collinear, one point is between the other two.

collinear points(ch 1)

points that lie on the same line

complementary angles(ch 1)

Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees

congruent angles(ch 1)

two angles that have the same measure

congruent segments(ch 1)

segments that have the same length

construction(ch 1)

A geometric drawing that uses a limited set of tools, usually a compass and straightedge.

coordinate(ch 1)

the real number that corresponds to a point on a line

coplanar points(ch 1)

points that lie on the same plane

defined terms(ch 1)

terms that can be described using known words such as point or line

distance(ch 1)

the absolute value of the difference of the coordinates on a line

endpoints(ch 1)

Points that represent the ends of a line segment or ray

exterior of an angle(ch 1)

the region that contains all the points outside of an angle

interior of an angle(ch 1)

the region that contains all the points between the sides of an angle

intersection(ch 1)

the set of points that two or more geometric figures have in common

line(ch 1)

A line has one dimension. It is represented by a line with two arrowheads, but it extends without end.

line segment(ch 1)

consists of two endpoints and all the points between them

linear pair(ch 1)

two adjacent angles whose noncommon sides are opposite rays

measure of an angle(ch 1)

the absolute value of the difference between the real numbers matched with the two rays that form the angle on a protractor

midpoint(ch 1)

the point that divides a segment into two congruent segments

obtuse angle(ch 1)

An angle that measures more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

opposite rays(ch 1)

If point C lies on AB between A and B, then CA and CB are opposite rays.

plane(ch 1)

A flat surface made up of points that has two dimensions and extends without end, and is represented by a shape that looks like a floor or a wall

point(ch 1)

A location in space that is represented by a dot and has no dimension

postulate(ch 1)

a rule that is accepted as true without proof

ray(ch 1)

AB is a ray if it consists of the endpoint A and all points on AB that lie on the same side of A as B

right angle(ch 1)

an angle that measures 90 degrees

segment(ch 1)

consists of two endpoints and all the points between them

segment bisector(ch 1)

a point, ray, line, line segment, or plane that intersects the segment at its midpoint

sides of an angle(ch 1)

the rays of an angle

straight angle(ch 1)

an angle that measures 180 degrees

supplementary angles(ch 1)

two angles whose measures have a sum of 180 degrees

undefined terms(ch 1)

Words that do not have formal definitions, but there is agreement about what they mean

vertex of an angle(ch 1)

The common endpoint of the two rays that form an angle

vertical angles(ch 1)

two angles whose sides form two pairs of opposite rays

biconditional statement(ch 2)

A statement that contains the phrase "if and only if"

conclusion(ch 2)

The "then" part of a conditional statement written in if-then form

conditional statement(ch 2)

a logical statement that has a hypothesis and a conclusion

conjecture(ch 2)

unproven statement that is based on observations

Contrapositive(ch 2)

the statement formed by negating both the hypothesis and conclusion of the converse of a conditional statement

converse(ch 2)

the statement formed by exchanging the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement

Counterexample(ch 2)

a specific case for which the conjecture is false

deductive reasoning(ch 2)

A process that uses facts, definitions, accepted properties, and the laws of logic to form a logical argument

equivalent statements(ch 2)

Two related conditional statements that are both true or both false

flowchart proof (flow proof)(ch 2)

A type of proof that uses boxes and arrows to show the flow of a logical argument

hypothesis(ch 2)

the "if" part of a conditional statement

if-then form(ch 2)

A conditional statement in the form "if p, then q", where the "if" part contains the hypothesis and the "then" part contains the conclusion

inductive reasoning(ch 2)

A process that includes looking for patterns and making conjectures.

inverse(ch 2)

the statement formed by negating both the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement

line perpendicular to a plane(ch 2)

a line that intersects the plane in a point and is perpendicular to every line in the plane that intersects it

negation(ch 2)

The opposite of a statement

paragraph proof(ch 2)

A style of proof that presents the statements and reasons as sentences in a paragraph, using words to explain the logical flow of an argument

proof(ch 2)

A logical argument that shows a statement is true.

theorem(ch 2)

a statement that can be proven

truth table(ch 2)

A table that shows the truth values for a hypothesis, conclusion, and a conditional statement

truth value(ch 2)

A value that represents whether a statement is true (T) or false (F)

two-column proof(ch 2)

a type of proof that has numbered statements and corresponding reasons that show an argument in a logical order

alternate exterior angles(ch 3)

two angles that are formed by two lines and a transversal and lie outside the two lines and on opposite sides of the transversal

alternate interior angles(ch 3)

two angles that are formed by two lines and a transversal and lie between the two lines and on opposite sides of the transversal

consecutive interior angles(ch 3)

Two angles that are formed by two lines and a transversal that lie between the two lines and on the same side of the transversal

corresponding angles(ch 3)

two angles that are formed by two lines and a transversal that are in corresponding positions

directed line segment(ch 3)

a segment that represents moving from point A to point B is called the directed line segment AB

distance from a point to a line(ch 3)

the length of the perpendicular segment from the point to the line

parallel lines(ch 3)

coplanar lines that do not intersect

parallel planes(ch 3)

planes that do not intersect

perpendicular bisector(ch 3)

A line that is perpendicular to a segment at its midpoint.

skew lines(ch 3)

Lines that do not intersect and are not coplanar

transversal(ch 3)

a line that intersects two or more coplanar lines at different points

angle of rotation(ch 4)

the angle that is formed by rays drawn from the center of rotation to a point and its image

center of dilation(ch 4)

The fixed point in a dilation

center of rotation(ch 4)

the fixed point in a rotation

center of symmetry(ch 4)

the center of rotation in a figure that has rotational symmetry

component form(ch 4)

A form of a vector that combines the horizontal and vertical components

composition of transformations(ch 4)

a combination of two or more transformations to form a single transformation

congruence transformation(ch 4)

a transformation that preserves length and angle measure

congruent figures(ch 4)

geometric figures that have the same size and shape

dilation(ch 4)

A transformation in which a figure is enlarged or reduced with respect to a fixed point

enlargement(ch 4)

a dilation with a scale factor greater than 1

glide reflection(ch 4)

a transformation involving a translation followed by a reflection

horizontal component(ch 4)

The horizontal change from the starting point of a vector to the ending point

image(ch 4)

A figure that results from the transformation of a geometric figure

initial point(ch 4)

the starting point of a vector

line of reflection(ch 4)

A line that acts as a mirror for a reflection

line symmetry(ch 4)

A figure in the plane has line symmetry when the figure can be mapped onto itself by a reflection in a line.

line of symmetry(ch 4)

A line of reflection that maps a figure onto itself.

reduction(ch 4)

a dilation with a scale factor between 0 and 1

reflection(ch 4)

a transformation that uses a line like a mirror to reflect a figure

rigid motion(ch 4)

a transformation that preserves length and angle measure
ex. translations, reflections, and rotations

rotation(ch 4)

A transformation in which a figure is turned about a fixed point

rotational symmetry(ch 4)

a figure has rotational symmetry when the figure can be mapped onto itself by a rotation of 180° or less about the center of rotation

scale factor(ch 4)

The ratio of the lengths of the corresponding sides of the image and the preimage of a dilation

similar figures(ch 4)

geometric figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size

similarity transformation(ch 4)

a dilation or a composition of rigid motions and dilations

terminal point(ch 4)

the ending point of a vector

transformation(ch 4)

a function that moves or changes a figure in some way to produce a new figure

translation(ch 4)

A transformation that moves every point of a figure the same distance in the same direction