Energy stores and systems

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9 Terms

1
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What is a system ?

An object or a group of objects

2
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3
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What is a closed system ?

One where no energy can enter or escape from the surroundings. The total energy in a closed system never changes.

4
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Name the 8 energy stores with their definitions

Kinetic energy - Energy an object has when its moving

Elastic energy - energy an object has when its stretched or compressed

Gravitational potential enegry - Energy an object has because of its height above the ground

Magnetic energy - energy a magnetic object has when near a magnet or in a magnetic field

Thermal energy - energy a object has when its heated

Chemical energy - energy that can be transferred in chemical reactions involving food, fuels and batteries

Nucleur - energy stored in the nucleus of the atom

electrostatic - energy a charged object has when near another charged object

5
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What are the four energy transfers

radiation

heating

electrically

mechanically

6
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What is specific heat capacity ?

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degrees.

7
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Required practical one : :

  • place a beaker on a balance and press 0

  • Now place your substance in the beaker to measure its mass

  • Place a thermometer and immersion heater into the substance allowing you to read the starting temperature of the substance

  • Wrap insulating foam around the beaker to stop the thermal energy transfer to the surroundings

  • connect a joulemeter to the immersion heater. Telling you how many joules of electrical energy passes into the immersion heater

  • Now time for 30mins allowing the temperature to rise enough for you to accurately to read off the thermometer

  • Read the total number of joules that passed into the immersion heater and the final temp.

  • You now use all of this info to calculate the SHC of the substance.

Safety precautions -

  • Dont handle block whilst heating

  • keep block on a heatproof mat

8
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What is power ?

The amount of energy transferred per second

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What does 1 watt equal to ?

1 joule of energy transferred per second