Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

A set of flashcards summarizing key concepts related to glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.

Glycolysis

The sequence of reactions that metabolizes one molecule of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate, with a net production of two molecules of ATP.

Gluconeogenesis

The process by which metabolic products are salvaged to synthesize glucose.

α-amylase

Pancreatic enzyme that digests starch and glycogen by cleaving α-1,4 bonds.

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (F-1,6-BP)

A key intermediate in glycolysis that is synthesized from fructose 6-phosphate by phosphofructokinase.

Pyruvate Kinase

An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP, generating pyruvate and ATP.

Fermentation

An anaerobic process that converts glucose into ethanol or lactate.

NAD+

A coenzyme that must be regenerated for glycolysis to continue, derived from the vitamin niacin (B3).

Phosphoryl Transfer

The transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another, important in ATP synthesis.

Enolase

An enzyme that catalyzes the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate.

Cori Cycle

A series of reactions between the liver and muscle whereby lactate is converted back into glucose.