Ruminants/camelids parasites (Info)

Protozoan

-Eimeria
-Cryptosporidium
-Giardia
-Trichomonas
-Neospora
-Sarcocystis

Eimeria spp. (coccidia)

-species specific
-Dx: fecal float

Cryptosporidium parvum

-zoonotic
-Dx: Sheathers sugar solution

Giardia duodenalis

-zoonotic
-Dx: zinc sulfate, saline direct, antigen test, stained fecal smear

Trichomonas feotus

-zoonotic
-venereal disease of cattle

Neospora caninum

-Not shed in feces
-one of the most common causes of abortion
-Cattle are IH

Sarcocystis

-zoonotic
-contaminated meat (pigs)

Name the different Strongylid spp.

-ostertagia ostertagi
-Haemonchus
-trichostrongyles
-Oesophagostomum
-Bunostomum phlebotomum

Ostertagia ostertagi (brown stomach worm)

-zoonotic
-abomasum
-Cattle, occasionally ruminants and horses

Haemonchus spp. (Barber pole worm)

-zoonotic
-abomasum
-blood feeder, anemia, BOTTLE JAW

Cooperia spp. (Trichostrongyles)

-abomasum/intestines

Trichostrongylus axei (stomach hair worm)

-Zoonotic
-abomasum
-affects ruminants (deer too)

Oesophagostomum spp. (nodular worm)

-Zoonotic
-abomasum/intestines
-ruminants and swine

Bunostomum phlebotomum (ruminant hookworm)

-Zoonotic
-abomasum/intestines
-blood feeder, anemia (heavy infections, concurrent with Haemonchus/liver flukes)

T/F Bunostomum phlebotomum is the only zoonotic ruminant hookworm.

True

Preferred Dx for strongylus spp.

Fecal floatation

Nematodirus spp. (thread-necked worm)

-Zoonotic
-SI
-Ruminants and camelids
-Dx: floats, McMasters

Strongyloids papillosus (intestinal threadworm)

-species specific
-SI
-Dx: routine float

T/F S. stercoralis is the only zoonotic threadworm.

True

Trichuris spp. (whipworms)

-Colon/LI
-Dx: float

Aonchotheca (ruminant capillaria)

-ruminants, camelids
-SI
-Dx: Float

Toxocara vitulorum (roundworm)

-zoonotic
-ruminants
-Dx: float

Skrjabinema spp. (pinworms)

-ruminants, camelids
-cecum
-Dx: Tape test

Muellerius capillaris (hair lungworm)

-sheep, goats
-Indirect nematodes (gastropods)
-Dx: Baermanns

Dictyocaulus spp (Lungworm)

-upper respiratory
-Dx: Baermanns

Cestodes

-Moniezia expansa
-Thysanosoma

Moniezia expansa (tapeworms)

-zoonotic
-ruminants, camelids
-Indirect
-Dx: float, ID proglottids

IH for Moniezia expansa

Oribatid mite

Thysanosoma

-Indirect
-Dx: float, ID proglottids

IH for Thysanosoma

Psocid (booklice)

Trematodes

-Fasciola hepatica
-Dicrocoelium dendriticum
-Eurytrema pancreaticum
-Schistosoma spp.

Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke)

-Zoonotic
-IH: snail
-Dx: fecal sedimentation, stained smear

What else can fasciola hepatica cause?

Clostridium novyi (black disease)

Dicrocoelium dendriticum

-zoonotic
-Bile ducts, gall bladder
-Indirect
-Dx: Floats (differ from other trematodes)

Host for Dicrocoelium dendriticum

-IH: snails (parasite accumulates in mucus left behind)
-2IH: ANTS

Eurytrema pancreaticum (pancreatic fluke)

-Zoonotic
-Indirect
-Dx: fecal
sedimentation

Ih for Eurytrema pancreaticum

-IH: snail
-2IH: grasshopper, cricket
-DH: ruminant, pigs, camelids

Schistosoma spp

-Zoonotic
-Portal hepatic and mesenteric veins
-Indirect
-Dx: saline sedimentation

T/F schistosoma spp eggs have a lateral spine

True

IH for schistosoma spp.

-IH: snail
-DH: camelids, ruminants, horses, pigs

Parelaphostrongylus tenuis (meningeal worm)

-camelids are accidental host
-Indirect
-neuro signs
-Dx: CSF testing

Host for parelaphostrongylus tenuis

IH: gastropods
DH: white tailed deer