Shoulder- MMT, Goniometry, Joint mobilization, Muscles

180 degrees

Shoulder flexion ROM

60 degrees

Shoulder hyperextension ROM

180 degrees

Shoulder abduction ROM

90 degrees

Shoulder internal rotation ROM

90 degrees

Shoulder external rotation ROM

shoulder internal, external rotation

requires a towel under humerus for goniometry

greater tuburcle

Shoulder flexion axis

greater tubercle

shoulder hyperextension axis

anterior acromion

Shoulder abduction axis

Olecranon

Shoulder internal rotation axis

Olecranon

Shoulder external rotation axis

mid-axillary

Shoulder flexion proximal

mid- axillary

Shoulder hyperextension proximal

parallel sternum

shoulder abduction proximal

perpendicular to floor

shoulder internal rotation proximal

perpendicular to floor

shoulder external rotation proximal

medial epicondyle

Shoulder flexion distal

midline humerus

shoulder hyperextension distal

midline humerus

shoulder abduction distal

ulnar styloid

shoulder internal rotation distal

ulnar styloid

shoulder external rotation distal

Anterior deltoid, coracobrachialis

shoulder flexion muscles

Anterior and Middle deltoid, supraspinatus

Shoulder scaption muscles

Middle deltoid, supraspinatus

Shoulder abduction muscles

Latissimus dorsi, posterior deltoid, teres major

Shoulder hyperextension muscles

Posterior deltoid

shoulder horizontal abduction muscle

Pectoralis major

Shoulder horizontal adduction muscle

Subscapularis

Shoulder internal rotation muscle

Infraspinatus, teres minor

shoulder external rotation muscles

Serratus anterior

scapular abduction and upward rotation muscles

Upper trapezius, levator scapulae

scapular elevation muscles

Middle trapezius

scapular adduction muscle

Lower trapezius

shoulder depression and adduction muscle

Rhomboids

Shoulder adduction and downward rotation

Glenohumeral distraction

decrease pain and general mobility

Glenohumeral anterior glide

increase extension

Glenohumeral posterior glide

increase flexion

scapular mobilizations

decrease scar tissue, improve general mobility

Short sitting

Shoulder flexion MMT

short sitting

Shoulder scaption MMT

short sitting

Shoulder abduction MMT

prone

Shoulder hyperextension MMT

prone

shoulder horizontal abduction MMT

supine

shoulder horizontal adduction MMT

prone

shoulder internal rotation MMT

short sitting

scapular abduction and upward rotation MMT

prone

shoulder external rotation MMT

short sitting

scapular elevation MMT

prone

scapular adduction MMT

prone

scapular depression and adduction MMT

prone

scapular adduction and downward rotation MMT

shoulder scaption

thumb position up (full can)

deltoids

can function separately of together

supine

shoulder flexion goniometry position

prone

shoulder hyperextension goniometry position

coracoid process

Coracobrachialis origin

medial surface midpoint of humerus

Coracobrachialis insertion

shoulder flexion, adduction

Coracobrachialis actions

musculocutaneous nerve

Coracobrachialis  innervation

inferior axillary border

teres major origin

bicipial groove

ters major insertion

shoulder extension

teres major action

lower subscapular nerve

teres major innervation

transverse processes C1-C4

Levator scapula origin

vertebral border

Levator scapula insertion

scapular elevation, downward rotation

Levator scapula action

C3, C4, C5

Levator scapula innervation

subscapular fossa

Subscapularis origin

lesser tubercle

Subscapularis insertion

medial rotation

Subscapularis action

upper, lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6)

Subscapularis innervation

medial third clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage first 6 ribs

pectoralis major origin

bicipital groove

pectoralis major insertion

shoulder horizontal adduction

pectoralis major actions

lateral, medial pectoral nerves 

pectoralis major innervation

anterior 3-5 ribs

pectoralis minor origin

coracoid process

pectoralis minor insertion

scapular depression, protraction, downward rotation, tilt

pectoralis minor action

medial pectoral nerve

pectoralis minor innervation

lateral first 8 ribs

serratus anterior origin

vertebral boarder

serratus anterior insertion

scapular protraction, upward rotation

serratus anterior action

long thoracic nerve

serratus anterior innervation

spinous process C7-T5

rhomboids origin

vertebral border

Rhomboids insertion

scapular retraction, elevation, downward rotation

Rhomboids actions

dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Rhomboids innervation

supraspinous fossa

supraspinatus origin

greater tubercle

supraspinatus insertion

shoulder abduction, scaption

supraspinatus action

subscapular nerve (C5,C6)

supraspinatus innervation

infraspinous fossa

infraspinatus origin

greater tubercle

infraspinatus insertion

shoulder lateral rotation

infraspinatus action

suprascapular nerve (C5,C6)

infraspinatus innervation

acromion process

middle deltoid origin

deltoid tuberosity

middle deltoid insertion

shoulder abduction

middle deltoid actions

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

middle deltoid innervation

spine of scapula

posterior deltoid origin