Social Studies Quiz

Supported by Spain. Discovered a new world but doesn’t know it

Christopher Columbus

God, Glory, and Gold

The reasons for searching for new trade routes

Wealth, spread of Christianity, and new technology

Reasons for exploring

Map makers

Cartographer

Tool for determining latitude while at sea

Astrolabe

1488 - discovered the southern tip of Africa, proved ships could reach Asia by sailing around Africa

Bartolomeo Dias

Founded a school for navigation - invested in exploration

Henry the Navigator - Prince Henry

Sailed to Calicut India, trading for valuables spices, silks, and gems 

Vasco de Gama 

Swollen beeding gums due to lack of vitamin C

Scurvy

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella

The ones who funded Christopher Columbus’ expedition

Looking for a new trade routes to Asia - wealth

What was Christopher Columbus looking for?

Treaty between Spain and Portugal creates a line of demarcation for the new land 

Treaty of Tordesillas 

Gave Spain rights to any land west of the line and Portugal rights to the east of the line.

Line for Demarcation

Claimed Brazil for Portugal

Pedro Alvares Cabral

Claimed Columbus had discovered a “New World” thus - America. Also where America got it’s name.

Amerigo Vespucci

Set out to find a western route to Asia. 1st to pass around the southern tip of South America. 1st to circumnavigate the world. Proved the world is round.

Ferdinand Magellan

TO go around the circumference of the world

Circumnaviagte

Conquered the Aztects (Mexico)

Hernando Cortez

Aztec king killed 

Montezuma 

Spanish conqueror who wants to spread Christianity

Conquistador

Advanced weapons, disease, native allies

Why did the Spanish win against the Aztecs

Conquered Peru

Francisco Pizarro

Spain culture and Catholicism spread to Latin and South America

Results of the Spanish conquest 

Spanish settlers

Peninsulares

A person mixed with Spanish and Native Americans

Mestizo

Land and native slaves given to Spanish rulers

Encomienda

Setup throughout colonies to spread Christianity 

Missionaries 

Claimed Canada for France

Jaques Cartier

Founded New France and Quebec 

Samual de Chaplain 

A myth/non existent waterway through North America

Northwest Passage

Italian working for France - searches for Northwest Passage - did not find it but found New York Harbor.

Giovanni de Verrezzano

Little colonization - no desire to settle, fur trade made money

Results of French exploration

1st English colony, made money from tobacco, located in Virginia 

Jamestown 

2nd colony, founded by Pilgrims for religious freedom, located in Massachusetts

Plymouth

Founded by Puritans for religious freedom

Massachusetts Bay

Wanted religions freedom from the church of England

Puritans

Trade route between 3 continents - included slaves

Triangular Trade

Created to replenish dead Native Americans - worked tobacco and sugar plantations

Causes of Slavery

The slave transfer between Africa and North America, By 1800, 11 million slaves taken to the Americas

Middle Passage

Decline of some African states, west Africa - some smaller states disappeared forever, created new African states, rulers attacked other Africans to control slave trade in region 

Effects on Africa 

The transfer of animals, plants, culture, humans, diseases, technology, and ideas between America and Europe/Asia

The Colombian Exchange

Smallpox, mumps, influenza, wiped out entire populations

Effects on Natives

Nations wealth is measured by its gold and silver. Nations must export more goods than they import. Economic policy

Mercantilism

Sell

Export

Buy

Import

Tax on imported goods

Tariff