Cold War

What was the name for the imaginary barrier separating Eastern and Western Europe?

The Iron Curtain

Who was the only president in the 20th century to lack a college education?

Truman

What was the Truman Doctrine?

A US policy that stated they would provide aid to nations struggling against communist movements.

Who did America support with the Truman Doctrine?

Turkey, Greece, and Berlin

What is Domino Theory?

If you let one country fall to communism, other countries are more likely to fall.

Who wrote Sources of Soviet Conduct?

George F. Kennan

What is keeping communism in it’s existing countries called?

Containment

What was the Marshall Plan?

A recovery plan for Europe with gave over 13 billion dollars to Western Europe.

Which side of Europe was mainly under Soviet control?

Eastern Europe

What was West Berlin to the Soviet Union?

A bone in their throat

What was the name of the US sending West Berlin supplies via aircraft?

Berlin Airlift

What was the name of the organization that was made to counter Soviet Expansion?

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

What was the Soviet equivalent of NATO?

Warsaw Pact

What was the singular communist state of Eastern Europe was not a member of the Warsaw Pact?

Yugoslavia

Who lead the Nationalists during China’s Civil War?

Chiang Kai-shek

Who lead the Communists during China’s Civil War?

Mao Zedong

Where did the Chinese Nationalists flee to?

Taiwan

Where was Korea split pre-war?

The 38th parallel

On what day did North Korean forces attack South Korea?

June 25th, 1950

How did the UN vote with Truman wanting to send aid to South Korea?

Unanimously Positive

Did the Soviet Union vote in the UN’s choice with Truman supporting South Korea? Why or why not?

No, they didn’t, as they were boycotting the UN since they failed to recognize Communist China.

Did Truman ask Congress for a formal declaration of war?

No.

What did the USA call for in the UN?

A Unified, Independent, and Democratic Korea.

What were the Truman’s and MacArthur’s last 3 options concerning the Korean war?

• Huge commitment of troops to win a land war

• Deployment of Nuclear Weapons

• Pursuit of Limited War

Who wanted Total Victory?

General Douglas MacArthur

Who was fired by President Truman for insubordination?

General Douglas MacArthur was fired.

Who won the election of 1953?

Eisenhower

Who was Eisenhower’s opponent?

Stevenson

What was the name of the organization aimed at preventing the spread of communism?

South-east Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)

What was the name of the first satellite the Soviet Union launched?

Sputnik 1

What was the name of the act that aimed to produce more scientists and science teachers?

National Defense Education Act

What is the name of the Administration used to coordinate the space-related efforts of America?

National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA)

What was the Federal Employee Loyalty Program?

A program that would investigate anyone for communism. They targeted the movie industry with the “Hollywood 10”

What was the name of the man who was accused of being a communist spy, and after two trials was found guilty of perjury, and sent to 5 years in prison?

Alger Hiss

What were the names of the couple that was found guilty of treason and sent to death, based on the word of one confessed spy?

Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

What was the name of the man who claimed he had a list of 205 security risks and 57 communist employees?

Joseph R. McCarthy

What was the name of McCarthy’s method of going against anticommunism?

McCarthyism

What did McCarthy accuse of being filled with communists, and caused the televised hearings that lead to his downfall?

The US Army

What granted veterans a variety of benefits?

The GI Bill of rights

What were the causes of migration in America?

Warm, sunny climate,

Booming industrial economy

Invention of AC

What were the effects of migration in America?

Suburbs in the sun belt gained political representation

Urban areas lost political power

Environment concerns such as smog and water shortages

Why was there a baby boom?

Americans put off having children during the Great Depression and men came back home from the war.

What does the Sun Belt refer to?

Southern and Western United States

During the Cold War, the US began a transition from an industry-based economy to a what?

service-based economy

Who ran against Truman in 1948?

Thomas Dewey

Who opened up the first McDonald’s?

Richard & Maurice McDonald

Who opened up the first Wal-Mart?

Sam Walton

What bill outlawed closed shops? (workplaces where only Union members can be hired)

Taft-Hartley Act

What happened to the Taft-Hartley Act?

It was veto’d by Truman, but that veto was overturned by congress.

What is consumerism?

Buying as much as you can, much of it on credit

Who desegregated the military?

Truman

What was the Truman’s Fair Deal?

An attempt to strengthen the New Deal’s reforms, but Congress did not support it and little was done.

Who made the book ‘Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care’

Benjamin Stock

What were the 3 tiers in the California Master Plan?

Community College, State Colleges, and Research Universities

What did Brown v. Board of Education rule?

It ruled that schools could no longer be segregated as it was unconstitutional.