Unit 6 - Federal Judical Branch

What are the three branches of government according to the Constitution of the United States?

Legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

What is the main role of the judicial branch?

To interpret laws.

What landmark case established the principle of judicial review?

Marbury v. Madison (1803).

What is judicial review?

The Supreme Court's ability to declare a legislative or executive act in violation of the Constitution.

What is the significance of the Bill of Rights?

It guarantees civil rights and liberties, including freedoms of speech, press, and religion.

What amendment protects citizens from unreasonable search and seizure?

The Fourth Amendment.

What do the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments protect against?

Unfair governmental actions and laws.

What is the difference between civil and criminal cases?

Civil cases settle disagreements for damages, while criminal cases determine guilt or innocence in law violations.

What jurisdiction does the Supreme Court have?

Limited original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction.

What is the purpose of checks and balances?

To prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful.

How does the legislative branch check the judicial branch?

By confirming or refusing to confirm federal judges and impeaching judges.

What rights are guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment?

Right to speedy trial, public trial, impartial jury, know charges, and legal counsel.

What occurs in a preliminary hearing for a felony case?

A determination of probable cause to proceed with the case.

What must happen before a person can be tried for a crime?

They must be arrested based on probable cause.

What's the difference between a misdemeanor and a felony?

A misdemeanor is less serious, while a felony is a more serious crime.

How does the executive branch check the judiciary?

By appointing judges and granting pardons.