Types and Breeds of Horses Flashcards

Flashcards covering various types and breeds of horses based on lecture notes.

Draft Horses

Bred to carry and pull heavy loads over twice their weight for short distances. Examples include Percheron, Suffolk, Belgian, Shire, and Clydesdale.

Light Horses

Horses bred for speed, agility, endurance, and riding, suitable for various riding activities.

Gaited Horses

Light horses known for their exceptionally smooth ride, with gaits like pace, running walk, fox trot, rack, and slow gait.

Warm Blood Horses

Middle weight horses, mix of cold blood draft and hot blood light horse, known for sensible attitude and athletic abilities. Examples include Dutch Warmblood, Hanoverian and Holsteiner.

Ponies

Horses that measure less than 14.2 hands (14 in Australia), known for their versatility in pulling, packing, and ranch work. Examples include Welsh Mountain Pony, Icelandic Pony and Shetland Pony

Non-horse Types of Equine

Related to horses but not horses themselves, including donkeys, zebras, and mules.

Mule

A mare bred to a jack.

Zorse

A hybrid cross between a zebra and a horse.

Height (Horses)

Measured in hands from top of withers to the ground. A hand equals 4 inches.

Appaloosa

Light horse breed originating from Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, with color variations, mottled skin, white sclera, and striped hooves.

Arabian

Light horse breed from Saudi Arabia, known for its dish face and used for saddle, show, racing, and endurance.

Palomino

Light horse breed from the United States of Spanish descent; golden with light colored mane and tail.

Quarter Horse

Light horse breed originating in the United States, well-muscled and versatile, used for stock, racing, and pleasure.

Miniature Horse

A pony originally from England, no more than 34 inches, used as pets and in shows.

Shetland Pony

Pony breed originating from the Shetland Isles, with any color and a long, shaggy outer coat in winter.

Belgian

Draft breed from Belgium, typically chestnut or sorrel, known for draftiness and a compact, massive build.

Clydesdale

Draft breed from Scotland, typically bay, with four white socks and heavy feathering of feet.

Percheron

Draft breed from France, typically black or gray, known for being docile with a clean-cut head.

Shire

Draft breed from England, typically black, brown, or gray, and matched in weight only by Belgian.

Color Breeds

Horses are registered based on color, without unique physical characteristics

Piebald

White and black spotting pattern on pinto horses.

Skewbald

White and any color other than black spotting pattern on pinto horses

Tobianos

Most common pattern of painted horses, white splotches across the back

Overos

One of the painted horse patterns, white extends from belly and legs upward toward the back but does not cross the back; have a “war bonnet” or white face

Toveros

One of the painted horse patterns, combination of Tobiano and Overo

Leopard

One of the Appaloosa breed patterns, white with dark spots all over the body

Snowflake

One of the Appaloosa breed patterns, dark horse with tiny white spots

The blanket

One of the Appaloosa breed patterns, white blanket with dark spots on the rump

Characteristics of Appaloosa

Striped hooves, unpigmented sclera and mottling of skin around nostrils are some