Feedback control in the Cardiovasular system

Definition of blood pressure?

The outwards pressure exerted by the blood on blood vessel walls

What is systolic arterial blood pressure?

Is the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the aorta and systemic arteries when the heart contracts

Definition of diastolic arterial blood pressure?

Is the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the aorta and systemic arteries when the heart relaxes

Definition of hypertension?

Clinic blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher and day time average of 135/85 mmHg or higher

What is pulse pressure?

The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure

What is the pulse pressure if the systolic of 120 mmHg and the diastolic is 80 mmHg

40 mmHg

What is the meaning of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP)

The average arterial blood pressure during a single cardiac cycle

Diastolic portion of the cardiac cycle is about ? As long as the systolic portion

Twice

What is the formulae to estimate the mean arterial blood pressure

((2 x Diastolic) + systolic) divide by three

If the systolic pressure in 120 mmHg and the diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg, what is the mean arterial blood pressure?

93.3 mmHg

What is the normal range of MAP?

70-105 mmHg

MAP off at least 60 mmHg is needed to?

Perfume vital organs like brain, heart and kidneys

What is negative feedback?

Baroreceptor reflex in short-term regulation of MAP

Function of baroreceptors?

Sense change in blood pressure

Firing rate increase when the MAP?

Increases

Firing rate decreases when the MAP ?

Decreases

What is the site of the 1st synapse for all CVS afferents in the medulla

Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS)

Where is the cardiovascular control centre?

Medulla of the brainstem

What is systemic vascular resistance?

The sum of resistance of all vasculature in the systemic circulation

How do you calculate the Mean Arterial Pressure?

Stroke volume x Heart rate x Systemic vascular resistance

How do you calculate cardiac output?

Stroke volume x Heart rate

What is cardiac output?

Volume of blood pressure pumped by each ventricle of heart per min

What is autorythmicity?

Heart is capable of beating in absence of external stimuli

What is sympathetic division?

Stimulation of vagus nerve - tachycardia

Parasympathetic division is?

Stimulation of vagus nerve - braycardia

Sympathetic division does what?

Accelerates heart rate

Parasympathetic divisor does what?

Slow the heart rate

Noradrenaline acts on?

Beta 1 receptors

Acetylcholine acts on?

Muscarinic receptors

What are the major resistance vessels?

Arterioles

The vasomotor tone is cause by?

Tonic discharge of sympathetic nerves