supreme court African Americans

supreme court cases and dates

slaughter house case 1873

state rights win

us v Cruickshank 1876

Case that limited federal enforcement of civil rights, emphasizing states' rights.

Plessy v Ferguson 1896

Landmark case that upheld racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine.

Mississippi v Williams 1898

poll tax is constitutional

Cumming v Board of Education 1899

Supreme Court case that upheld racial segregation in public schools, allowing for unequal funding and resources.

Guinn v US 1915

Supreme Court case that struck down the grandfather clause used to disenfranchise Black voters, ruling it unconstitutional.

Gains v Canada 1938

1938 Supreme Court case that addressed the denial of admission to a Black student at the University of Missouri Law School, leading to a ruling that required equal educational opportunities.

smith v Allwright 1944

Supreme Court case that declared the white primary unconstitutional, ensuring that African Americans could participate in primary elections.

Brown v Board of education 1954

A landmark Supreme Court case in 1954 that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, stating that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."

Browder v Gayle 1965

backed up that segregation is unconsitutional

green v conally 1970

addressed federal funding for private schools- reinforced desegregation of schools

Griggs v Duke Power Company 1971

affirmative action constitutional

Swan v Charlotte Mecklenburg

bussing ruled constitutional

Milken v bradley 1974

bussing could stop in areas without deliberate segregation

reagents of the university of California v Bakke 1789

ruled that white students were discriminated against- step back from affirmative action

Grove city v bell 1984

private organisations only had to comply with civil rights laws in some areas to get funding - countered by grove city bill

freeman v pitts 1992

gov cant combat de facto segregation