Lecture Notes on Differences, Fields, and Models

Flashcards based on lecture notes about differences, fields, correlation, causation, information from graphs and models.

What causes currents to flow in circuits?

Potential differences.

What causes energy to be transferred between objects by heating?

Temperature differences.

What causes convection currents?

Density differences.

What is a field (or force field)?

A volume of space where a non-contact force can affect things.

What is an electric field?

The volume around a charged object where it can affect other electrical charges.

What does the formula: gravitational potential energy (in J) = mass (in kg) × height (in m) × gravitational field strength (in N/kg) calculate?

The gravitational potential energy of an object.

What is a correlation?

When two things happen together, or when two sets of data appear to be linked.

What happens in a directly proportional relationship?

One variable doubles when the other doubles.

What can models be used for?

Help us understand how things work, test new technology, help make new scientific discoveries, and make calculations.

What are the types of models?

Physical models, such as a wind tunnel, and abstract models, such as computer models, chemical equations, formulae, and graphs.