Studied by 1 personMercantilism
Economic system used by European countries
Goal of Mercantilism
Become self sufficient- limit dependency on other countries
mother country
In mercantilism colonies are set up to benefit the ____.
M and M theory
Colonies supply the mother country with (______)
Raw materials
______ ____made into finished goods (lumber)
Markets
_____ for manufactured goods (furniture) colonists buy
gold and silver
More coming in then going out
export more than import
favorable balance of trade (sell more goods than it bought)
reliable and consistent
Effects on the 13 colonies benefits A ______ and _____ market for raw materials
manufactured goods
effects on 13 colonies benefits received a steady supply of
shipbuilding
effects on 13 colonies benefits created some industry in the colonies like _____
european countries
effects on 13 colonies drawbacks could not buy goods or sell good to other
manufacture their own gods
effects on 13 colonies drawbacks colonists were not allowed to
england (colonists started to smuggle
effects on 13 colonies drawbacks forced to buy from
no free enterprise
Proublem - Britain dictated prices
seeds to the revolution are planted
system angered colonists
cotton, tobacco, iron etc
Raw materials such as _____ went to england
manufactured products
_____ went back to the colonies
King charles 2 and parliament tighten its control
The navigation acts passed by ______ and _____ then caused britain to
navigation acts
A series of laws to regulate and boost colonial economies
the rules of Mercantilism
Navigation acts forced colonists to follow
promoted shipbuilding and supervision of trade
started in 1660 no country could trade with the colonies unless the goods were in English or colonial ships
created job opportunities - sailors
all ships had to have crews that were 3/4 english or colonial
enumerated articles - list varied depending on need
Colonies could export certain products only to England
tax placed on them - revenue maker for england
most goods had to pass through english ports
the english and the colonists
This system benefited both
dockworkers and lumber industry
creation of jobs like
(Tariffs) - tax on foreign goods
increase in import taxes
helped the colonial economy
boom in shipbuilding
highest price
colonists could not sell goods for the
free market did not exist
limited the market for goods
break the law - smuggle goods
many colonist began to
1685 king charles 2
dies - his brother james 2 takes over sends a message
new england colonies
james 2 tightened control over _____ by revoking their charters
new york and new jersey, new england colonies
combines ____ and with ____ colonies into one vast colony
dominion of New England
called the combination of NY and NJ with New england the _____ - it punished colonists for smuggling
local government officials
____ were replaced by king appointed officials
Edmond Andros
____ was appointed Governor - strict ruler who made enemies fast
puritan beliefs, all voting rights
Edmond Andros questioned _____ and took away ______.
anti parliament, catholic
King James 2 was not popular- ______ and was a _____
Parliament
_____ feared a potential long catholic dynasty of kings
Protestant daughter
James 2 had a _____- Mary - Parliament wanted her to lead
Bloodless revolution
1689- Parliament led a "____"
Mary and her husband William
King james 2 fled, and _____ became joint monarchs
Colonists over throw him
since james 2 appointed Edmund Andros- _____ Dominion of new england is over
monarchy's power
parliament would limit the _____ and increase theirs
English Bill of Rights
Parliament created the _______- guaranteed individual rights and freedoms
1691
_____- England begins to loosen its reign over the colonies
Salutary neglect
A policy which allowed the colonies self rule and to develop without over regulation
colonial cooperation
In return England expected _____ with economic policies and loyalty
intellectual movement, the enlightenment
philosophical and ______ that emphasized the use of reason and believed that the world is governed by fixed mathematical and scientific laws
government, society, economics
In the 1700s ideas were applied to ____,_____, ______
Europeans
The enlightenment was led by
natural rights
John locke
social contract
jean jacques rousseau
three branches system of government
baron de montesquieu
ben franklin
the key American enlightenment figure was _____ who used experimentation to acquire knowledge
author
Ben franklin was the _____ of several almanacs and books
Republicanism
Effect of the enlightenment - A government chosen by the people
natural rights
Effect of the enlightenment - guaranteed for all - life, liberty, property
social contract
Effect of the enlightenment - the _____ theory of government which allows for peaceful transition of power
three branch system
Effect of the enlightenment- establishment of the _____- legislative, executive, judicial
experimentation
Effect of the enlightenment- increase interest in math, science, and ______
higher education
Effect of the enlightenment- Interests in _______ grew and established schools like Princeton, Brown, Dartmouth, and Colombia
American Revolution
challenging authority - ideas lead to the _______
religious movement, the great awakening
An emotional _______ whose goal was to bring people back to the church and rededicate themselves to God.
1700s
The great awakening happened in ____
Jonathan Edwards, George Whitefield
key leaders in the great awakening
energetic and dramatic
Preachers held _____ sermons outside in front of hundreds sometimes thousands of people
18,000
George Whitefield gave over _____ sermons throughout the colonies
scare
The most famous sermon was Jonathan Edwards's "sinners in the hands of an angry go"- attempted to _____ people back to religion
membership
effects of great awakening - _______ to churches increased across the colonies
authority, freedom of religion
effects of great awakening - Challenged the ___ of established and existing churches - promoted _______
new churches
effects of great awakening - Created _______ like the Baptist and Methodist congregations
worship, government
effects of great awakening - colonists began to believe that if they could chose their method of _____ they should have the right to choose their own form of ______.
New england colonies
conflict with natives over land
new england
susbsistence farmers, short growing season, corn
middle colonies
friendly relations with natives
middle colonies
a mixed economy
south colonies
inadequate education system
southern colonies
charleston largest port city
similarties between colonies
population increased, slaves, farming, triangular trade, cash crops
Magna carta
English document from 1215 that limited the power of the king and provided basic rights
250,000
By 1700s how many people of European background lived in the colonies
90%
During the 1600s what was the percentage of people who moved to the colonies that were from england
50%
How many of these people came over as indentured servants
economy improved and political and religious conflict ended
After 1660 why did an increasing number of English choose to stay in England
United kingdom of Great Britian formed - England, wales, scotland (same king)
what political event allowed the Scottish to gain easier access to the colonies after 1707
Pennsylvania to carolinas, mountains west to mountainous "backcountry"
where did most of the Scots-irish settle once arriving in the colonies
War, taxes, and religious persecution
what were some factors that motivated Germans to migrate to the colonies
Pennsylvania
what colony did the german immigrants settle in and become prosperous
mid 1600s
when did most colonies begin to pass laws that supported the permanent enslavement of Africans
1.5 million
During the 1700s approximately how many slaves did the British colonies import
colonial economies revolve around trading slaves and providing food and goods to the west indies to feed slaves
How did american colonists grow rich from the slave trade
Triangular Trade
Enslaved Africans came to the Americas as part of a three-part voyage
middle passage
The forced transport of enslaved Africans from West Africa to the Americas
10%
what percentage of salved died before they reached the colonies due to these conditions
slave acutions
where did colonists buy African slaves once they reached America
to make escape or rebelling more difficult
why were slave families broken up by colonial buyers
Farmhands, dockworkers, sailors, house servants
identify what types of jobs slaves in the middle and new england colonies performed
Note
Flashcard