Become self sufficient- limit dependency on other countries
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mother country
In mercantilism colonies are set up to benefit the ____.
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M and M theory
Colonies supply the mother country with (______)
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Raw materials
______ ____made into finished goods (lumber)
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Markets
_____ for manufactured goods (furniture) colonists buy
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gold and silver
- More coming in then going out
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export more than import
favorable balance of trade (sell more goods than it bought)
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reliable and consistent
Effects on the 13 colonies benefits A ______ and _____ market for raw materials
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manufactured goods
effects on 13 colonies benefits received a steady supply of
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shipbuilding
effects on 13 colonies benefits created some industry in the colonies like _____
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european countries
effects on 13 colonies drawbacks could not buy goods or sell good to other
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manufacture their own gods
effects on 13 colonies drawbacks colonists were not allowed to
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england (colonists started to smuggle
effects on 13 colonies drawbacks forced to buy from
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no free enterprise
Proublem - Britain dictated prices
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seeds to the revolution are planted
system angered colonists
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cotton, tobacco, iron etc
Raw materials such as _____ went to england
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manufactured products
_____ went back to the colonies
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King charles 2 and parliament tighten its control
The navigation acts passed by ______ and _____ then caused britain to
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navigation acts
A series of laws to regulate and boost colonial economies
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the rules of Mercantilism
Navigation acts forced colonists to follow
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promoted shipbuilding and supervision of trade
started in 1660 no country could trade with the colonies unless the goods were in English or colonial ships
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created job opportunities - sailors
all ships had to have crews that were 3/4 english or colonial
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enumerated articles - list varied depending on need
Colonies could export certain products only to England
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tax placed on them - revenue maker for england
most goods had to pass through english ports
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the english and the colonists
This system benefited both
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dockworkers and lumber industry
creation of jobs like
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(Tariffs) - tax on foreign goods
increase in import taxes
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helped the colonial economy
boom in shipbuilding
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highest price
colonists could not sell goods for the
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free market did not exist
limited the market for goods
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break the law - smuggle goods
many colonist began to
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1685 king charles 2
dies - his brother james 2 takes over sends a message
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new england colonies
james 2 tightened control over _____ by revoking their charters
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new york and new jersey, new england colonies
combines ____ and with ____ colonies into one vast colony
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dominion of New England
called the combination of NY and NJ with New england the _____ - it punished colonists for smuggling
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local government officials
____ were replaced by king appointed officials
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Edmond Andros
____ was appointed Governor - strict ruler who made enemies fast
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puritan beliefs, all voting rights
Edmond Andros questioned _____ and took away ______.
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anti parliament, catholic
King James 2 was not popular- ______ and was a _____
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Parliament
_____ feared a potential long catholic dynasty of kings
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Protestant daughter
James 2 had a _____- Mary - Parliament wanted her to lead
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Bloodless revolution
1689- Parliament led a "____"
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Mary and her husband William
King james 2 fled, and _____ became joint monarchs
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Colonists over throw him
since james 2 appointed Edmund Andros- _____ Dominion of new england is over
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monarchy's power
parliament would limit the _____ and increase theirs
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English Bill of Rights
Parliament created the _______- guaranteed individual rights and freedoms
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1691
_____- England begins to loosen its reign over the colonies
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Salutary neglect
A policy which allowed the colonies self rule and to develop without over regulation
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colonial cooperation
In return England expected _____ with economic policies and loyalty
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intellectual movement, the enlightenment
philosophical and ______ that emphasized the use of reason and believed that the world is governed by fixed mathematical and scientific laws
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government, society, economics
In the 1700s ideas were applied to ____,_____, ______
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Europeans
The enlightenment was led by
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natural rights
John locke
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social contract
jean jacques rousseau
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three branches system of government
baron de montesquieu
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ben franklin
the key American enlightenment figure was _____ who used experimentation to acquire knowledge
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author
Ben franklin was the _____ of several almanacs and books
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Republicanism
Effect of the enlightenment - A government chosen by the people
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natural rights
Effect of the enlightenment - guaranteed for all - life, liberty, property
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social contract
Effect of the enlightenment - the _____ theory of government which allows for peaceful transition of power
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three branch system
Effect of the enlightenment- establishment of the _____- legislative, executive, judicial
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experimentation
Effect of the enlightenment- increase interest in math, science, and ______
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higher education
Effect of the enlightenment- Interests in _______ grew and established schools like Princeton, Brown, Dartmouth, and Colombia
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American Revolution
challenging authority - ideas lead to the _______
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religious movement, the great awakening
An emotional _______ whose goal was to bring people back to the church and rededicate themselves to God.
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1700s
The great awakening happened in ____
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Jonathan Edwards, George Whitefield
key leaders in the great awakening
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energetic and dramatic
Preachers held _____ sermons outside in front of hundreds sometimes thousands of people
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18,000
George Whitefield gave over _____ sermons throughout the colonies
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scare
The most famous sermon was Jonathan Edwards's "sinners in the hands of an angry go"- attempted to _____ people back to religion
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membership
effects of great awakening - _______ to churches increased across the colonies
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authority, freedom of religion
effects of great awakening - Challenged the ___ of established and existing churches - promoted _______
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new churches
effects of great awakening - Created _______ like the Baptist and Methodist congregations
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worship, government
effects of great awakening - colonists began to believe that if they could chose their method of _____ they should have the right to choose their own form of ______.
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New england colonies
conflict with natives over land
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new england
susbsistence farmers, short growing season, corn
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middle colonies
friendly relations with natives
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middle colonies
a mixed economy
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south colonies
inadequate education system
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southern colonies
charleston largest port city
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similarties between colonies
population increased, slaves, farming, triangular trade, cash crops
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Magna carta
English document from 1215 that limited the power of the king and provided basic rights
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250,000
By 1700s how many people of European background lived in the colonies
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90%
During the 1600s what was the percentage of people who moved to the colonies that were from england
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50%
How many of these people came over as indentured servants
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economy improved and political and religious conflict ended
After 1660 why did an increasing number of English choose to stay in England
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United kingdom of Great Britian formed - England, wales, scotland (same king)
what political event allowed the Scottish to gain easier access to the colonies after 1707
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Pennsylvania to carolinas, mountains west to mountainous "backcountry"
where did most of the Scots-irish settle once arriving in the colonies
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War, taxes, and religious persecution
what were some factors that motivated Germans to migrate to the colonies
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Pennsylvania
what colony did the german immigrants settle in and become prosperous
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mid 1600s
when did most colonies begin to pass laws that supported the permanent enslavement of Africans
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1.5 million
During the 1700s approximately how many slaves did the British colonies import
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colonial economies revolve around trading slaves and providing food and goods to the west indies to feed slaves
How did american colonists grow rich from the slave trade
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Triangular Trade
Enslaved Africans came to the Americas as part of a three-part voyage
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middle passage
The forced transport of enslaved Africans from West Africa to the Americas
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10%
what percentage of salved died before they reached the colonies due to these conditions
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slave acutions
where did colonists buy African slaves once they reached America
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to make escape or rebelling more difficult
why were slave families broken up by colonial buyers
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Farmhands, dockworkers, sailors, house servants
identify what types of jobs slaves in the middle and new england colonies performed
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