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What is feminism?
Movement + theory focused on gender equality
Examines how women and other genders are unequally treated
Challenges power structures (like patriarchy)
How does feminism influence anthropology?
Focuses on women’s experiences (previously ignored)
Questions male bias in research
Studies power, inequality, and gender roles
Makes anthropology more inclusive
👉 KEY IDEA: feminism changed what anthropologists study and how they study it
How do anthropologists study gender, sex, and sexuality?
Cross-cultural comparison (different societies)
Ethnography (real-life observation)
Focus on:
lived experiences
everyday life
cultural meaning
What is intersectionality?
Idea that identity is shaped by multiple factors at once
Example:
gender
race
class
sexuality
Why is intersectionality important?
People experience life differently depending on overlapping identities
Explains inequality more accurately
Not all women (or genders) have the same experience
👉 KEY PHRASE: identities intersect and interact
What is gender performativity?
Gender is something you do, not something you are
Expressed through:
behavior
clothing
actions
Why is gender performativity important?
Shows gender is socially constructed
Not fixed or natural
Changes depending on context
What are hidden transcripts?
Ways people resist power secretly
Not openly expressed
xample of hidden transcripts?
Jokes, gossip, subtle resistance
Acting differently in private vs public
What is Michel Foucault’s idea of power?
Power is everywhere, not just top-down
Shapes how people:
think
act
see themselves
What is “care of the self”?
People shape their own identity
Self-discipline + self-understanding
Related to how we express gender/sexuality
How is gender connected to power?
Some genders have more control/status
Power shapes:
roles
expectations
opportunities
Difference between sex and gender?
Sex = biological
Gender = social + cultural