Final Med Term

History and physical

written or dictated by admitting physician; details patient’s history, results of physician’s examination, initial diagnoses, and physician’s plan of treatment

physician’s orders

complete list of care, medications, tests, and treatments physician orders for patient

Nurse’s notes

record of patients care throughout the day; includes vital signs, treatment specifics, patient’s response to treatment and patient’s condition

consultation reports

reports given by specialists whom physician and asked to evaluate patient

Ancillary reports

reports from various treatments and therapies patient has received, such as rehabilitation, social services, and respiratory therapy

Diagnostic reports

results of diagnostic tests performed on patients, principally from clinical lab and medical imaging

Informed consent

document voluntarily signed by patient or a responsible party that clearly describes purpose, methods, procedures, benefits, and risk of diagnostic or treatment procudure

operative report

report from surgeon detailing an operation; includes pre- and postoperative diagnosis, specific details of surgical procedure itself, and how patient tolerated procedure

anesthesiologist’s report

relates details regarding substances given to patient, patient’s response to anesthesia and vital signs during surgery

pathologist’s report

report given by pathologist who studies tissue removed from patient

discharge summary

comprehensive outline of patient’s entire hospital stay; includes condition at time of admission, admitting diagnosis, test results, treatments and patient’s response, final diagnosis, and follow-up plans

Chemical name

Describes the molecular structure of a drug

Generic name

the official name of a drug (Ibuprofen)

Brand name

proprietary name or trademark name of a drug (Advil)

muscular, epithelial, connective, nervous

tissue types

skeletal muscle

muscular tissue subtype that connects muscle to bone; voluntary movement

smooth muscle

muscular tissue subtype that surrounds internal organs; involuntary movement

cardiac muscle

muscular tissue subtype that pumps the hear; involuntary movement

connective tissue

cartilage and tendons are an example of what tissue type

neurons

nervous tissue is composed of

epithelial tissue

lines internal organs and serves as a covering for the skin

sagittal plane

divides body into right and left portions

frontal plane

divides body into front and back halves

transverse plane

divides body into top and bottom

skin

largest organ of the body

protecting, hosing nerve receptors, secreting fluids, regulate body temp

purpose of skin

sweat and sebaceous

two types of skin glands

epidermis

skin layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium cells, no blood supply, no connective tissue

melanocytes

special cells that produce the black pigment melanin

dermis

another name for the corium, middle layer of skin, means “true skin”, has excellent blood supply, composed of connective tissue and collagen fibers

subcutaneous layer

a continuous layer of fat that separates the dermis from deeper tissue, composed of lipocytes, acts as insulation

epidermal

pertaining to above skin

hypodermic

pertaining to below skin

intradermal

pertaining to within skin

dermal

pertaining to skin

hyperhidrosis

abnormal condition of excessive sweat

anhidrosis

abnormal condition of no sweat

erythroderma

condition of having reddened or flushed skin

melanoderma

increased skin pigmentation

leukoderma

having skin that appears white because normal skin pigment is absent

erythroderma

red skin

axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton

two division of the human skeleton

head, neck, spin, chest, and trunk

axial skeleton includes the bones of what parts of the body

pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities

appendicular skeleton contains bones from what parts of the body

closed fracture

fracture in which there is no open skin wound; also called simple fracture

colles’ fracture

common type of wrist fracture

comminuted fracture

fracture in which bone is shattered, splintered, or crushed into many smaller pieces or fragments

compound fracture

fracture in which bone has broken through skin; also called open fracture

compression fracture

fracture involving loss of height of a vertebral body; may be result of trauma, but in older people, especially women, may be caused by condition like osteoporosis

fracture, FX, Fx

broken bone

greenstick fracture

fracture in which there is an incomplete break

impacted fracture

fracture in which bone fragments are pushed into each other

oblique fracture

fracture at an angle to bone

pathologic fracture

fracture caused by diseased or weakened bone

spiral fracture

fracture in which fracture line spirals around shaft of bone; can be caused by twisting injuring and is often slower to heal than other types of fractures

stress fracture

slight fracture caused by repetitive, low-impact forces, like running

transverse fracture

complete fracture that is straight across bone at right angles to long axis of bone

abduction

movement away from midline of body

adduction

movement toward midline of the body

flexion

act of bending or being bent

extension

movement that brings limb into or toward a straight condition

dorsiflexion

backward bending, as of hand or foot

plantar flexion

bending sole of foot; pointing toes downward

eversion

turning outward

inversion

turning inward

pronation

to turn downward or backward

supination

turning the palm or food upward

elevation

to raise body part

depression

downward movement, opposite of elevation

circumduction

movement in a circular direction from central point

opposition

moving thumb away from palm

rotation

moving around a central axis

endocardium

inner layer of the heart lining the heart chambers

myocardium

thick muscular middle layer of the heart

epicardium

outer layer of the heart

pericardium

the heart is enclosed within a double-layered pleural sac called?

SA node

pacemaker, where the electrical impulses begin. Wave of electricity travels through the atria, causing them to contract

arteries

large, thick-walled vessels that carry the blood away from the heart

aorta

largest artery; carries oxygenate blood to all the body systems

arterioles

smallest of the arteries; deliver blood to the capillaries

capillaries

network of tiny blood vessels; allows diffusion of the oxygen and nutrients from the blood into the body tissues

veins

carry blood back to the heart

veins

do arteries of veins have thinner walls?

superior and inferior vena cava

the two largest veins

venules

smallest of veins

angiitis

inflammation of vessel

embolus

obstruction of blood vessel by blood clot that has broken off from thrombus

infarct

area of tissue within an organ that is going through necrosis

cardiomegaly

enlarged heart

fibrillation

extremely serious arrythmia characterized by abnormal quivering

aneurysm

weakness in wall of artery resulting in localized widening artery

hypertension

high blood pressure

phlebitis

inflammation of vein

auscultation

listening to sounds by stethoscope

angiogram

X-ray record of vessel taken during angiography

electrocardiogram

record of procedure using ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures

CABG

open heart surgery in which blood vessel from another location in body is grafted to route blood around blocked coronary artery

CAD

insufficient blood supply to heart muscle due to obstruction of one or more coronary arteries

CCU

coronary care unit

CHF

condition of heart in which there is reduced outflow of blood from left side of heart because left ventricle myocardium has become too weak to efficiently pump blood