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Where did contemporary poverty and inequality come from, given the relative equity in standards of living in 1500s?
The rise of settler & extraction colonialism and the global system promoted rises in inequality in India, Asia, Africa, and Latin American colonies.
Trace the roots of unequal global system to processes of colonialism
The primitive acquisition and slave labor from racial capitalism gave a boost to economies like Europe, Spain, France, Portugal. The economies who had their resource access and economies taken experienced historical disadvantage.
Understand the multiple colonial practices and processes that led to an unequal global system between the global North & South
Settler Colonialism: people move to colonies
Extraction colonialism (extraction colonies): people moving to certain place for a limited amount of time to take resources
How did the US Great Depression led to new economic policies?
In Great Depression, overproduction → goods losing value → businesses stop producing → economy slows down
Keynesian economics as method to increase consumer spending power during a time of economic stagnation. Increase in social spending and government regulation.
Explain the contradiction of capitalism that leads to wages falling and ultimately economic slowdowns
Capitalism maximize profits with increasing productivity, decreasing the costs of productions = lowered wages → less consumer spending power, markets need consumers to function
Understand how new postcolonial states put in place economic policies that began to decrease global inequality
By investing in social systems and creating a market which served society, decreasing imports on foreign markets and making domestic goods cheaper.
meaning of development narratives and discourses
Representations: ways language, signs, symbols, and images can stand for people, cultures, processes, things etc.
Discourse: used to social sciences to stress the role of power in the acquisition of knowledge
Representations and discourses lead to social construction and our interactions with issues.
Consider the effects of development narratives in framing global poverty and its solutions
Paternalistic relationship of North to South which perpetuates racialized and hierarchical ideas → Truman’s 1949 speech
Understand the US’s support of coups in a series of global South countries and the economic consequences of regime change
Outline the shift towards neo-liberal thinking and policies
Understand the ways the debt crisis led to postcolonial countries shifting toward neoliberal economic policies through structural adjustment
Outline and understand neoliberalism as an ideology and as a set of economic practices
Outline the critiques of structural adjustment policies associated with the IMF and World Bank in global South countries
Outline the history of GATT and the WTO
Understand critiques of neoliberal policies under the WTO
Engage with the mechanisms of trade through which global South countries have unequal outcomes
Trace rise of neoliberalism in US/UK
Map out and consider critiques of WTO and neoliberalization of trade, in general and in relation to South Korea
Understand some of the ways that various types of corruption/illicit activity shape global financial flows and economic inequities
Understand larger urbanization trends between global south and global north and the drivers of these differences
Connect urbanization in the global south to histories of colonialism and structural adjustment, creating dual cities and large migration to cities
Relate contemporary world-class city-making and demolitions through the case study of Delhi