Enzyme/respiration/fermentation Study

All chemical reactions in living organisms require enzymes to work. __.

chemical reactions.

Enzymes are known as __.

Catalysts that speed up chemical reactions.

Each enzyme needs to be the __ for the job.

Right shape.

Sucrase breaks down sucrose. Therefore, __ helps in the breakdown of sucrose.

Sucrase.

Proteases breakdown __.

Proteins.

Lipases breakdown __.

Lipids.

DNA polymerases builds __.

DNA.

Enzymes are not changed by the reaction; they are used only __.

Temporarily.

Products are __ from the enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

What the enzyme helps produce.

Active sites are the part of the enzyme that __.

Substrate molecule fits into.

The three organs that produce enzymes and secretions crucial for digestion are the __, __, and __.

Pancreas, liver, small intestine.

The organ that produces bile is the __.

Liver.

The function of bile is to __.

Break up fats.

Enzymes decrease the __ needed for chemical reactions.

Activation energy.

The study of how living organisms capture and utilize energy is called __.

Cellular energetics.

Chemical digestion is accomplished using special proteins called __.

Enzymes.

The first stage of mechanical digestion is done by the __.

Teeth.

The fluid in your mouth is called __.

Saliva.

The flap that prevents food from entering your windpipe is called __.

Epiglottis.

Muscle contractions that move food down the esophagus is called __.

Peristalsis.

The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the digestive tract into the blood is called __.

Absorption.

Materials that are not absorbed are __.

Eliminated as waste.

Both mechanical and chemical digestion begin in the __.

Mouth.

What is the Kreb cycle?

The pyruvic acid molecule that was made during glycolysis enters into the cell and one CO2 molecule is released.

How do organisms generate energy when oxygen is not available?

Through fermentation.

What is fermentation?

Process that releases small amounts of energy from glucose whedn oxygen is not present.

What are the 2 types of fermentation?

Alcoholic and Lactic acid

Is fermentation anaerobic or aerobic?

Anaerobic

Where does the Kreb cycle take place?

Matrix of the mitochondria

Where does the electron transport chain take place?

Inner membrane of mitochondria

What is the electron transport chain?

NADPH and FADH donate electrons which are transported through the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

What is glycosis?

Glucose enters the cytoplasm of the cell by floating across the cell membrane using a protein channel. This process is called facilitated diffusion. Two ATP molecules are used to split glucose into 2 pyruvic acids.

Where does glycolysis take place?

Cytoplasm of the cell.