VOCABULARY SET B/TRIVIA

Volcano

A vent, hill or mountain from which molten or hot rocks with gaseous materials are ejected

Active volcanoes

Those that have historical records of eruption within the last 600 years or those that erupted within geological times (≤10,000 years) based on analyses of their materials.

Inactive volcanoes

Those that have not erupted for the last 10, 000 years and their physical form is being changed by agents of weathering and erosion through formation of deep and long gullies

Pacific Ring of Fire

A path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.

Indonesia

Country that has the highest number of active volcanoes

Mt. Tambora

The eruption of this volcano is the deadliest in recent human history, claiming the lives of up to 120,000 people.

Mt. Vesuvius

In A.D. 79, the world's most dangerous volcano buried the town of Pompeii.

Mt. Mayon

The most active volcano in the Philippines.

Mt. Pinatubo

It erupted in 1991 after being dormant for 600 years.

Mt. Taal

It has a main crater lake which is blue-green in color and is 1.9 kilometers in diameter. The volcano has 47 craters in total.

Earthquake

Shaking of the Earth's surface that often causes great damage.

Focus

A point where the earthquake originates.

Epicenter

Part of the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the earthquake starts.

Seismograph

Device used to record earthquake waves.

Magnitude

Measure of the energy released at the source of the earthquake.

Intensity

Measure of the strength of shaking produced by the earthquake at a certain location.

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

PHIVOLCS

Valdivian earthquake (1960)

The strongest ever recorded earthquake in the world (Magnitude 9.5).

Moro Gulf earthquake (1976)

With a 7.9 magnitude and almost 3,000 casualties, this Mindanao earthquake is officially the strongest and deadliest earthquake in Philippine history.

Luzon earthquake (1990)

On July 16, 1990, one of the strongest earthquakes to ever strike the country occurred in several areas of Central Luzon and the Cordillera region. This 7.8-magnitude tremor resulted in a total of 1,621 deaths and serious damage in properties. The epicenter is in Nueva Ecija.

Mountain

A large landform that rises above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak.

Mountain range

A succession of many closely spaced mountains covering a particular portion of Earth.

Mountain belt

A group of mountain ranges with similarity in form, structure, and alignment.

Himalayas

Located in Asia, highest and youngest mountain range in the world.

Andes

Located in South America, the longest mountain chain in the world.

Alps

Major mountain range in central Europe.

Rocky Mountains

Also known as the Rockies, run from north to south in western North America.

Appalachian Mountains

Run parallel to the Atlantic Ocean coastline on the eastern part of the United States, the oldest mountains in the United States.