APUSH Period 1 & Period 2

AP Summer HW

Roger Williams

, a minister in Salem Bay settlement, taught that church and state should be separate.

Columbus arrival

initiated a long period of European expansion and colonialism in the Americas.

Virginia Company

In 1618, the introduced the headright system as a means of attracting new settlers to the region and addressing the labor shortage created by the emergence of tobacco farming.

Colombus

In August of 1492, used three caravels, supplied and funded by the Spanish crown, to set sail toward India.

Anne Hutchinson

was a woman in a resolutely patriarchal society which turned many against her.

Native Americans

had their own complex societies, cultures, and religions.

Indian War

French played a significant role in the French and (1754- 1763) but overall had a much lighter impact on native peoples compared to Spanish and English.

1619

In , Virginia established the House of Burgesses, in which any property- holding, white male could vote.

North America

was populated by Native Americans, not to be confused with native- born Americans.

1620

In , Separatists set sail for Virginia on the Mayflower, but went off course and landed in modern- day Massachusetts.

New England

Slavery was rare in , but farms in middle and southern colonies were much larger, requiring large numbers of enslaved Africans.

English

Intermarriage was common between Spanish and French settlers and the natives in their colonized territories (though rare among and Dutch settlers)

middle leg

Was the of the triangular trade route among the colonies, Europe, and Africa.

South Carolina

had a larger proportion of enslaved Africans than European settlers.

English Calvinists

led a Protestant movement called Puritanism in the 16th century.

Intercontinental trade

became more organized with the creation of joint- stock companies, corporate businesses with shareholders whose mission was to settle and develop lands in North America.

Roman Catholic Church

The was the dominant religious institution in western Europe.

Jamestown

was funded by a joint- stock company, a group of investors who bought the right to establish New World plantations from the king.

colony

A(n) is a territory settled and controlled by a foreign power.

Spain

Englands first attempt to settle North America came a year prior to its victory over , in 1587, when Sir Walter Raleigh sponsored a settlement on Roanoke Island (now part of North Carolina)

Anne Hutchinson

, a prominent proponent of antinomianism, banished for challenging Puritan beliefs and authority of Puritan clergy.

North America

was home to hundreds of tribes, cities and societies.

1619

also marks the introduction of slavery to the English colonies.

Old World to New World

horses, pigs, rice, wheat, grapes

New World to Old World

corn, potatoes, chocolate, tomatoes, avocado, sweet potatoes

1691

In , Massachusetts became a royal colony under new monarchs, suffrage was extended to all Protestants.

Slavery

played a major role on plantations, but majority of Southerners were subsistence farmers.

Penn

made a treaty with the Delawares to take only as much land as could be walked by a man in three days.

North American continent

Colonies on the were seen primarily as markets for British and West Indian goods, but also as sources of raw materials.

New England

Slavery was rare in , but farms in middle and southern colonies were much larger, requiring large numbers of enslaved Africans.

South Carolina

had a larger proportion of enslaved Africans than European settlers.

England

regulated trade and government in its colonies but interfered in colonial affairs as little as possible.

Charles II of England

In 1664, waged war against the Dutch Republic and captured New Netherland.

Molasses Act

of 1733, imposed an exorbitant tax upon the importation of sugar from the French West Indies.

Governor

had powers similar to the king, but also dependent on colonial legislatures for money.

Autonomy

allowed eased transition to independence in following century.

William Penn

, a Quaker, received colony as a gift from King Charles II.

Dutch Republic

was largest commercial power of the century and economic rival of the British.

Navigation

Acts passed between 1651 and 1673, required colonists to buy goods only from England, sell certain of their products only to England, and import non- English goods via English ports and pay a duty on those imports.

College of William

and Mary was chartered in the South in 1693.

Arrival of settlers

from Barbados marked the beginning of the slave era in the colonies.

West Indies

Colonies were important mostly for economic reasons, which is why the British considered their colonies in the more important than their colonies on the North American continent.

Nathaniel Bacon

, a recent immigrant, rallied the farmers and demanded Governor William Berkeley grant him authority to raise a militia and attack nearby tribes.

Edwards

preached severe, predeterministic doctrines of Calvinism.

Navigation Acts

also prohibited the colonies from manufacturing a number of goods that England already produced.

Slavery

and tobacco played a larger role in the Chesapeake than in the middle colonies.

Penn

established liberal policies towards religious freedom and civil liberties.