Lesson 3 - Disaster Risk Management

Philippine Disaster Management System

This Act provides for the creation of policies, strategies and the execution of programs related to all areas of disaster risk reduction, management, and building and awareness raising, reducing underlying risk factors and preparing for effective response and early recover.

Republic Act 10121

"An act strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Systems, providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework and Institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, Appropriation funds, Therefor and for other purposes.

The National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council (NDRRMC)

The NDRRMC is the one who are in charge of planning for any calamities or incoming calamities and warns people to evacuate early as soon as they can to avoid hazardous happening.

The Officers of Civil Defense (OCD)

Founded on July 1, 1973 as Executive Arm and Secretaries of NDRRMC. An organization of the Philippines Department of National Civil Defense (DND) that serves as the implementing arm of the National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan (NDRRMP)

Organizational Network

By Presidential Decree No. 1566 and RA 10121 which aimed to Strenghten the Philippine Disaster Control Capability to establish national program on Community preparedness in the Philippine Disaster Management System (PDMS)

Disaster Risk Assessment

To determine the nature and extent of disaster risk by analysing potential hazards and evaluating existing conditions of exposure and vulnerability that together could harm people, property, services, livelihoods and the environment on which they depend.

Disaster Prevention

Activities to prevent natural and man-made disasters, increase surveilance, improve inspections and airport security, strenghtening public health processes such as immunizations, isolations and quarantine.

Disaster Preparedness

Refers to the actions of individuals, families, cities, states, or entire nations taken before a hazardous event to plan for that event and to minimize losses.

Disaster

A sudden catastrophic events in which people are injured and killed and property is destroyed.

Hazard

A situational poses a level of threat of life, health property or environment.

risk

expose to a chance of loss or damage and other negative occurrence that is caused by external or internal vulnerabilties that neutralized throigh preemptive action

Vulnerability

the level of susceptibility of resiliency of the people and communities against the impact the prevailing hazards based on the state of physical, social and economic conditions in a given area.

H x R + V = D

Disaster Equation

Disaster Risk Management Systems

the application of disaster risk reduction policies and strategies to prevent new disaster risk, reduce existing disaster risk and manage residual risk contributing to the strengthening of resilience and reduction of disaster losses.

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

The administrative decision and operational activities that involves six activities.

Prevention

the concept and intention to completely avoid potential adverse impacts through action taken in advance.

Mitigation

the lessening or limitation of adverse impacts of hazards and related disasters. The adverse impacts of hazards often cannot be prevented fully, but their scale or severity can be substantially lessened by various strategies and actions.

Preparedness

The knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely imminent or current hazards events or conditions.

Response

The provision of emergency and services and public assistance during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basi subsistence needs of the people affected.

Recovery

he restoration, and improvement where appropriate, of facilities, livelihoods and living conditions of disaster-affected communities, including efforts to reduce disaster risk factors. The task of rehabilitation and reconstruction begins soon after the emergency phase has ended.

Rehabilitation

measure and ensures the ability of affected communities and/or areas to restore their normal level of functioning by rebuilding livelihood and damaged in structures.

Disaster Risk Reduction

It has become dominant in the 21st century. It proactive by aiming to establish a culture of disaster preention and resilience.

Disaster Risk Management

Is a “range of related activities to coping with risk, including how related activities are identified and assessed and how social interventions to deal with risk are monitored and evaluated”

Mitigation and Prevention

Actions taken to identify preventable and unavoidable disasters and to address what can be done to eliminate or reduce the likelihood of a disaster and/or the accompanying risks

Risk Assessment

The information generated by this essential to the development of non- structural mitigation measures.

Year 1994 to 2003

some 2.5 billion people were affected by natural disasters alone worldwide, which is an increase of 60% over the past decade.

The Moro Gulf Earthquake

7.6 intensity trigerred a tsunamic whic affected the southern philippines and resulted to the death of around 3,800 persons and destruction of properties.

Year 1970 to 2000

the Philippines incurred an average annual damage of P 15 Billion or US$ 300 Million due to disaster which have caused major setback in the country’s socio-economic development.

Year 2004

the country experienced twenty-five (25) weather disturbances, four of these occurring successively in November and first week of December and brought massive landslide and flooding in Southern and Central Luzon.

Tropical Storm and Typhoon Pepeng

in September and October 2009, respectively, brought two of the worst floods in history of Luzon particularly in Metro Manila and Pangasinan that caused deaths estimated nearly 900 according to the National Disaster Coordinating Council and billions of properties.

Natural Hazards

Are natural processes or phenomena occurring in the biosphere that may constitute a damaging events.

Geographic Hazards

Natural earth processes or phenomena in the biosphere, which include geological, non-tectonic, geophysical, geomorphological, geotechnical and hydro-geological nature.

Biological Hazards

process of organic or those conveyed by biological vectors, including exposure to pathogenic micro-organism, toxins and bioactive substances

Hydro-Meteorological Hazards

Natural processes or phenomena of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature.

Technological Hazards (Anthropogenic Hazards)

Danger originating from technological or industrial accidents, dangerous procedures, infrastructure failures or certain human activities, which may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation.

Environmental Degradation

Process induced by human behavior and activities (some combined with natural hazards) that damage the natural resource base or adversely alter natural processes or ecosystems.