Chapter 2: Water Supply

Distillation

Distillation

It is the process of separating organic and inorganic solids from water by evaporation (vaporization) followed by cooling and condensation.

Filtration

It is the process of separating solids from a liquid by means of a porous substance such as permeable fabric or membrane or layer of inert media.

Coliform Organisms

any rod- shaped, non- spore- forming, gram negative bacteria capable of growth in the presence of bile salt.

undergone additional processing

Refilled water /product water- source water that has ________ and product of multistage purification technology.

Deionization

It is the removal of the ionized minerals and salts (both organic and inorganic) from a solution by a two- phase ion- exchange procedure.

earths surface

Spring- ground water seepage visible at the ________ due to hydrostatic gradient or head.

Contamination

It is the introduction of materials not normally found in water that make the water less desirable or unfit for its intended use.

Ultraviolet Light Sterilization

Is a process of killing active bacteria and spores in water with the use of ultraviolet rays.

Disinfection

It is a water treatment processes designed to destroy disease- causing organisms.

Cistern

a water- tight tank used to store water.

Public or Private Water Supply System

Is a government or private owned system for the provision of potable water for human consumption.

microbial populations

Most probable number or MPN- statistical method of determining ________.

Most probable number or MPN

statistical method of determining microbial populations

Reservoir

Is a pond, lake or basin, either natural or artificial, designed for storage, regulation and control of water.

25 meters

________- Minimum distance of retail water system or refilling station from direct sources of pollution.

Test Well

Is an excavation made to determine the quality and quality and quantity of water.

Artesian Well

is a well where water is confined under hydrostatic pressure between two relatively impervious layers such as rock formations.

Level I (Point Source)

Is a protected well or developed spring with an outer but w /o distribution system.

Sanitary Seal

Is a mixture of cement and water placed in the annular space of the well casing and drillhole to seal space and about 3 meters deep to prevent the intrusion of water.

Dug Well

A well normally circular or rectangular in shape, with diameter ranging from 1 to 1.5 meters.

rotary drills

Drilled Well is a well constructed by percussion or ________.

Drilled Well

Is a well constructed by percussion or rotary drills

Deep Well

A well with depth greater than 20 meters.

Sanitary Permit

________- permission or certification that the establishment complied with the existing minimum sanitation requirements upon evaluation or inspection.

Well

is a man-made hole used for recovering ground water from the water bearing strata by digging, boring, drilling or by any other method

Artesian Well

is a well where water is confined under hydrostatic pressure between two relatively impervious layers such as rock formations

Bored Well

a well constructed by manually driven augers into the ground

Driven Well

a well constructed by driving an iron pipe

Drilled Well

a well constructed by percussion or rotary drills

Dug Well

a well normally circular or rectangular in shape, with diameter ranging from 1 to 1.5 meters

1 to 1.5 mere

Dug well must be with a diameter ranging from _____ meters.

Test Well

an excavation made to determine the quality and quality and quantity of water

Shallow Well

a well measured from the natural ground surface with depth of not more than 20 meters

Surface Water

a mixture of surface run-off and groundwater

Cistern

a water-tight tank used to store water

Reservoir

a pond, lake or basin, either natural or artificial, designed for storage, regulation and control of water

Spring

ground water seepage visible at the earths surface due to hydrostatic gradient or head

Level I (point source)

a protected well or developed spring with an outer but w/o distribution system

Level II (communal faucet system or standposts)

a system composed of a source, a reservoir, a piped distribution network and communal faucet

Level III (waterworks system or individual house connections)

a system with a source, a reservoir, a piped distribution network and household taps

Potable Water/ Safe Drinking Water

water that is free of microorganism or disease-producing bacteria (pathogens)

Polluted Water

water whose physical, chemical, bacteriological, biological and radioactive properties have been altered

Coliform Organisms

any rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, gram negative bacteria capable of growth in the presence of bile salt

Complete Treatment

a series or combination of water treatment processes

Contamination

the introduction of materials not normally found in water that make the water less desirable or unfit for its intended use

Disinfection

water treatment processes designed to destroy disease-causing organisms

Doubtful Source

source that is subject to recontamination

Water Hauler

any person, firm or company who transports, stores, delivers and operates equipment used to transport or deliver water to human consumption

Water Supplier

responsible for source development, water abstraction, treatment and distribution of water

Well Driller

who undertake well drilling work or activities for the purpose of extracting ground water

Public or Private Water Supply System

government or private owned system for the provision of potable water for human consumption

Local Health Authority

a government official or employee responsible for the application of a prescribed health measure in a local political subdivision

Local Health Officer

the provincial or municipal health officer

Sanitary Survey

an activity to inspect and investigate the existing environmental conditions around the water source which may affect the quality of the water

Sanitation Inspector

a government official or personnel employed by the national, provincial, city or municipal govt, who enforces sanitary rules, laws and regulations and implements environmental sanitation activities

Drinking water site clearance

shall be secured by any person who intends to drill, construct, alter or repair water supply system

Sanitary Seal

a mixture of cement and water placed in the annular space of the well casing and drillhole to seal space and about 3 meters deep to prevent the intrusion of water

Pipe Lines

pipes used to transport water

Deionization

the removal of the ionized minerals and salts (both organic and inorganic) from a solution by a two-phase ion-exchange procedure

Distillation

the process of separating organic and inorganic solids from water by evaporation (vaporization) followed by cooling and condensation

Filtration

the process of separating solids from a liquid by means of a porous substance such as permeable fabric or membrane or layer of inert media

Reverse osmosis/hyperfiltration

process for the removal of dissolved ions from water in which pressure is used to force water through a semi-permeable membrane

Ultraviolet light sterilization

process of killing active bacteria and spores in water with the use of ultraviolet rays

Retail water system/refilling station

refilled water being sold and placed in the refilled water container in the refilling station

Refilled water/product water

source water that has undergone additional processing and product of multistage purification technology

Bulk water

water in a container of five gallons or more in volume coming from refilling stations

Sanitary Permit

permission or certification that the establishment complied with the existing minimum sanitation requirements upon evaluation or inspection

Sanitary Clearance

clearance issued by the local health office to food or water delivery vehicles, mobile water tankers and similar vehicles that comply with the design, construction, specification and other requirements of the department

Certification of Potability of Drinking Water

certification certifying the potability and safeness of source drinking water for human consumption based on PNSDW

0.20 to 0.50 ppm

amount/dose of free residual chlorine to be maintained until water reaches the costumer and the farthest point in the distribution system

50-100 ppm

amount/ dose of chlorine solution to be used in disinfecting Level I water supply facility

50 meter

distance of drilling of water well from a cemetery is that is prohibited?

25 meters

distance of pit privy or toilet facilities from the well being drilled.

25 meters

Minimum distance of retail water system or refilling station from direct sources of pollution

24 hours

Maximum holding time of stored refilled water