Life and Works of Rizal (Chapter 7: NOLI ME TANGERE)

Noli Me Tangere

Comprising 63 chapters and an epilogue, Rizal's first novel exposes the abuses and inequities of many Spanish Catholic friars and government officials during his time.

Universidad Central de Madrid

Rizal was a student of medicine here when he started writing it and was 26 years old at its publication.

early 1887 in Europe

Published date of noli

Noli English Names

Touch Me Not and The Social Cancer.

  Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin",

influenced him from writing the novel

Leaving for France in 1885

he had written the third quarter of the novel in Paris.

In Wilhelmsfeld

he penned the last few chapters of Noli from April to June 1886.

at the end of 1886

The novel was completed in Berlin, Germany

1887.

final draft was ready for publication at the onset of the year

transition between 1886 and 1887

one of the most stressful parts in Rizal's life.

Dr. Maximo Viola

- a friend from a rich family of San Miguel, Bulacan arrived in Berlin.

Elias and Salome (chap 25)

deleted chapter following the chapter, "In the Woods."

P300

Viola lent to Rizal was thus used to print the first 2,000 copies of the Noli

March 29, 1887

Noli Me Tangere officially came off the press, although records also showed that by March 21.

Crisostomo Ibarra

The main character of the Noli Me Tangere

represents the small group of Filipinos who had a chance to study abroad and dreamt of improving the country. Like Jose Rizal, Ibarra wanted education for Filipino children, hence his plan to construct a public school in San Diego.

Capitan Tiago

threw a party at his house in Manila. The gathering was attended by renowned local

●     represents the rich Filipinos who opted to be allies (as in tuta) of Spanish officials and friars just to preserve their wealth and political position. Damaso raped Tiago's wife Pia Alba, but the Capitan seemed to be okay with it.

Padre Damaso

a fat Franciscan priest who had been assigned for many years in Ibarra's native town (San Diego)

• corresponds to wicked but ironically respected priests. His character is a reflection of the then rampant covert fathering of illegitimate children by friars. In the novel, he is revealed to be the biological father of Maria Clara-Ibarra's fiancée who arguably stands for the powerless Filipina then.

Fray Sybila

the young Dominican curate of Binondo;

Lieutenant Guevarra

of the Guardia Civil

Doña Victorina

wife of a fake Spanish physician Tiburcio de Espadaña.

●     represents some ambitious Filipinas who wanted to be classified as Spanish, hence the putting on of heavy make-up. Don Tiburcio, her husband, stands for incompetent and unqualified Spaniards who illegally practiced their supposed profession in the Philippines.

Don Rafael Ibarra

Crisostomo's father was Capitan Tiago's friend.

Maria Clara

Capitan Tiago's supposed daughter, Crisostomo's fiancée

ideal Filipina-loving and unwavering in their loyalty to their respective spouses. Patterned after that of Leonor Rivera, Rizal's 'true love'.

Pilosopo Tasio

●     symbolizes those whose ideas were so advanced that many other people could not understand him. It is said that Tasio's character was patterned after that of Paciano, Jose's intelligent brother who also sought reforms.

Elias

●     symbolizes those whose ideas were so advanced that many other people could not understand him. It is said that Tasio's character was patterned after that of Paciano, Jose's intelligent brother who also sought reforms.

Padre Salvi

the curate who secretly harbored lust for Maria Clara, represents the seemingly kind but in fact wicked Spanish friars.

Non-Filipino defenders of the Noli:

- Ferdinand Blumentritt, Rizal's Austrian friend

- Dr. Miguel Morayta, statesman and history professor in Central University of Madrid.

Federico Faura

●        Rizal's Jesuit professor, told him that "everything in it was the truth," but also foretold, "You may lose your head for it" (Malbert, 2011).

Paciano

●        would proudly translate the Noli into Tagalog.

Governor-General Emilio Terrero

●        summoned him to the Malacañan Palace a few days after his (Rizal's) arrival.

●         The governor-general asked Rizal for a copy of the Noli and found nothing "criminal" in the book.

Lt. Jose Taviel de Andrade

●        of the Guardia Civil to be Rizal's bodyguard, fearing that Noli attackers would harm the author. He is assigned by Terrero.

Bernardino Nozaleda

●        the Archbishop of Manila, petitioned to ban the Noli. According to Terrero.

‘Pedro Payo’

an ad hoc committee of the faculty of the University of Santo Tomas formed at the request of Manila Archbishop found and denounced Noli as ecclesiastically heretical, impious, and scandalous and politically unpatriotic, subversive of public order, and harmful to the Spanish government and its administration in the Philippines.

Tondo cura Salvador

found the Noli to contain subversive ideas against the Catholic Church and Spain and, thus, recommended the absolute prohibition on the importation, reproduction, and circulation of the book.

Vicente Barrantes

In Madrid, a newspaper article written by him resentfully attacked the Noli. labeling it as "anti-Catholic, Protestant, socialistic."

Jose Rodriguez

an Augustinian priest who even took great pains to write eight anti-Noli pamphlets, which were forcibly sold to church-goer

Vicente Garcia

●        the Filipino theologian and priest, Writing under the penname Justo Desiderio Magalang.

- the priest countered the claim that Noli's author was an "ignorant man"

Peacock Garden Resort in Baclayon, Bohol

where the furniture set of Dr. Karl Ullmer used by Rizal during his stay in the pastor's house in Wilhelmsfeld in 1886