Division/Sectional Conflict

History -- Study Set 1 -- By Michael_Bowes88 on Quizlet

Sectionalism

Loyalty to one's own region or section of the country rather than to the country as a whole

annexation

To add new territory to the country

abolitionists

People who worked to IMMEDIATELY emancipate/free all enslaved people

Emancipate

To free from slavery

States' Rights

The rights held by the states; the belief that states' rights should not be infringed upon by federal laws

Missouri Compromise (1820)

Compromise that added Missouri to the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state; made a line that divided future slave and free states.

Compromise of 1850

Compromise that added CA as a free state and strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act.

Fugitive Slave Act

Part of Compromise of 1850; allowed slave catchers to reclaim escaped slaves in the North and return them to the South; required that Northerners help.

Popular sovereignty

Allowed citizens/voters to decide whether slavery was to be legal in a state.

Henry Clay

The "Great Compromiser" that proposed the MO Compromise (1820) and the Compromise of 1850.

Dred Scott v. Sandford

Ruled that slaves were property and were not free even if they had lived in free states:

Nat Turner

Led an unsuccessful slave revolt in Virginia in the 1830s:

John Brown

He killed slave-owners in Kansas; wanted to start an armed slave revolt to help abolition causes; raided the federal arsenal in Harper's Ferry, VA.

Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854

Repealed (canceled) the Missouri Compromise; created a transcontinental railroad; let KS and NE vote on slavery in their states:

Underground railroad

Helped slaves escape to freedom:

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Book by Harriet Beecher Stowe that increased the number of people who were against slavery:

Frederick Douglass

Escaped slave who spoke against slavery and later became a U.S. ambassador:

"Bleeding Kansas"

Deadly conflict between "free-soilers" and slavery supporters:

Feared the extension of slavery

The reason that abolitionists opposed annexation of western territories:

The South wanted/needed slaves to grow the labor-intensive cash crops like cotton and tobacco.

Economically, why was slavery common in the South but not in the North?

William Lloyd Garrison

Started the abolitionist newspaper, "The Liberator":

Northern states

Their economy was based on industry and manufacturing; many immigrants added to crowded urban environment:

Southern states

Their economy was based on agriculture, primarily cash crops; had a largely rural population of poor white farmers.

Sojourner Truth

The former (female) slave who became an abolitionist and a leader in the women's rights movement:

Any new state might upset the sectional balance in Congress (between free and slave states)

Problem that came with the territorial expansion of the U.S.: