Chapter 12 - Antebellum Culture and Reform

Joseph Smith

God had once been a man, the church taught, and thus every man or woman could aspire to become- as ________ had become- a saint.

Massachusetts school system

He (Mann) reorganized the ________, lengthened the academic year (to six months), doubled teachers salaries (although he did nothing to eliminate the large disparities between the salaries of male and female teachers), enriched the curriculum, and introduced new methods of professional training for teachers.

Seneca Falls

Women in 1848, organized a convention in ________, New York, to discuss the question of womens rights.

Evangelical Protestantism

________ added major strength to one of the most influential reform movements of the era: the crusade against drunkenness.

Quakerism

________ had long embraced the ideal of sexual equality and had tolerated, indeed encouraged, the emergence of women as preachers and community leaders.

Mormon

________ religious rituals even included a process by which men and women went through baptism ceremonies in the name of deceased ancestors; as a result, they believed, they would be reunited with those ancestors in heaven.

Gender Roles

Although transcendentalism was above all an individualistic philosophy, it helped spawn the most famous of all nineteenth- century experiments in communal living Redefining ________.

revival of faith

A(n) ________ need not depend on a miracle from God; it could be created by individual effort.

Revivalism

________ became not only a means of personal salvation but also a mandate for the reform (and control) of their society The Temperance Crusade.

asylum movement

The "________ was not, however, restricted to criminals and people otherwise considered "unfit ..

Cholera

________ is a severe bacterial infection of the intestines, usually a result of consuming contaminated food or water.

Transcendentalist philosophy

________ emerged first among a small group of intellectuals centered in Concord, Massachusetts.

upstate New York

Mormonism began in ________ as a result of the efforts of Joseph Smith, a young, energetic, but economically unsuccessful man, who had spent most of his twenty- four years moving restlessly through New England and the Northeast.