Chem Unit 1

Primary Carbon

Carbon atom attached to another carbon atom

Secondary Carbon

Carbon atom attached to two other carbons

Tertiary Carbon

Carbon atom attached to three other carbons

Quaternary Carbon

Carbon atom attached to four other carbons

2n+2

Number of hydrogens on a non-cyclic, single-bonded hydrocarbon

2n

Number of hydrogens in a cyclic, single-bonded hydrocarbon

Functional Group

Repeating, predictable bonding pattern of C, H, N, O

Alkene

hydrocarbon functional group, carbon-carbon double bond

alkane

hydrocarbon functional group, carbon-carbon single bond

alkyne

hydrocarbon functional group, carbon-carbon triple bond

phenyl

hydrocarbon functional group, alternating carbon-carbon single and double bonds

alcohol

organic functional group, hydrocarbon on one side of oxygen, hydrogen on other side of oxygen

ether

organic functional group, oxygen atom with hydrocarbon on either side

amine

organic functional group, hydrocarbon on one side of nitrogen atom

halide

halogen atom )single) bonded to hydrocarbon

ketone

carbonyl bonded with two hydrocarbons

carbonyl group

C=O (Carbon-Oxygen double bond)

Aldehyde

carbonyl group with hydrogen on one side and hydrocarbon carbon on the other

amide

carbonyl group with nitrogen on one side and hydrocarbon carbon on the other

carboxylic acid

carbonyl group flanked by hydroxyl and hydrocarbon carbon

ester

carbonyl group with oxygen on one side and hydrocarbon carbon on the other