Cellular Respiration and ATP Production

These flashcards cover key concepts related to ATP production and cellular respiration, including the processes of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

What is the total ATP yield from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle per glucose molecule?

2 ATP from glycolysis and 2 ATP from the citric acid cycle.

How many molecules of ATP does the human body use per second per cell?

The human body uses approximately 1 million molecules of ATP per second per cell.

Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?

Oxidative phosphorylation takes place on the inner mitochondrial membrane.

What does NADH produce when it enters the electron transport chain?

Each NADH produces a maximum of 3 ATP.

What is the role of oxygen in the electron transport chain?

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, combining with electrons to form water.

How many ATP does each FADH2 produce when entering the electron transport chain?

Each FADH2 produces a maximum of 2 ATP.

What is the main function of ATP synthase in oxidative phosphorylation?

ATP synthase uses energy from the proton gradient to synthesize ATP.

What happens during the oxidation of NADH and FADH2?

Energy is released, allowing protons (H+) to be pumped against their concentration gradient.

What is the chemical gradient created by pumping H+ into the intermembrane space?

It creates a chemical gradient that stores potential energy used to generate ATP.

How many protons (H+) are pumped into the intermembrane space for every NADH oxidized?

For every NADH that is oxidized, 10 H+ are pumped into the intermembrane space.