CH18 page 1

These flashcards cover key concepts about cellular respiration, photosynthesis, glycolysis, fermentation, and related processes.

Photosynthesis

The process of building food (glucose) using sunlight, water, and CO2, releasing oxygen.

Cellular Respiration (CR)

The process that breaks down glucose with oxygen to generate ATP.

Glycolysis

The process that breaks one glucose into 2 pyruvate molecules, generating a net of 2 ATP and 2 NADH.

Electron Carriers

NADH and FADH2 that give their electrons to the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) to help generate ATP.

Lactic Acid Fermentation

A process that regenerates NAD+, allowing glycolysis to continue under anaerobic conditions.

Krebs Cycle

A stage of cellular respiration that begins with acetyl CoA and produces carbon dioxide.

Mitochondria

The organelle where electron transport occurs in eukaryotic cells.

Acetyl CoA

The starting molecule for the Krebs cycle.

ATP

The energy currency of the cell, produced during cellular respiration.

Fermentation

An anaerobic process allowing cells to produce energy without oxygen.

Oxygen Debt

The amount of oxygen the body needs to repay after intense exercise.

Energy from ETC

The energy of electrons passing along the ETC is used to make ATP.

Fermentation Types

Alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation are two types of fermentation.

Net Gain of ATP in Glycolysis

The net gain of ATP from glycolysis is 2 ATP.

Mainly explaining athletic pacing

Cellular respiration releases energy more slowly than fermentation.

Reactants of Cellular Respiration

The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.