Midterm endocrine

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52 Terms

1
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The major job of the endocrine system is to __________.
produce and release hormones that regulate various bodily functions.
2
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The hormones that help control the release of other hormones in the body are called __________.
pituitary hormones.
3
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The gland that controls all the other glands and organs in the endocrine system is known as the __________.
master gland.
4
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The gland located in the brain that controls a person’s sleep cycle is the __________.
pineal gland.
5
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The thyroid and parathyroid glands are located __________.
in the neck and near the thyroid gland.
6
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The gland called the master gland because it produces hormones affecting other endocrine glands is the __________.
pituitary gland.
7
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During puberty, the thyroid gland __________.
grows.
8
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The hypothalamus, pineal gland, and pituitary gland are located in the __________.
brain.
9
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The process by which the body absorbs and uses nutrients is called __________.
assimilation.
10
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The thymus gland is located __________.
in the chest.
11
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Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by __________.
stimulating the liver to release stored glucose into the blood.
12
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Norepinephrine prepares the body for the __________.
stress response.
13
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GnRH stimulates the release of __________ from the pituitary gland.
LH and FSH.
14
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TRH regulates the release of __________ from the pituitary gland.
TSH.
15
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MSH stimulates the production of __________.
melanin.
16
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GHRH stimulates the release of __________ from the pituitary gland.
GH.
17
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The most accurate measure of thyroid activity is the __________ test.
TSH.
18
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Insulin inhibits the release of __________ from the pituitary gland.
GH.
19
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LH stimulates __________ in females and controls menstruation and testosterone production in men.
ovulation.
20
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ACTH stimulates the production of __________ in the adrenal glands.
cortisol.
21
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Insulin helps lower __________ levels in the body.
blood sugar.
22
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Epinephrine is secreted by the __________.
adrenal medulla.
23
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Cortisol is secreted by the __________.
adrenal cortex.
24
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Estrogen is secreted by the __________.
ovaries.
25
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Insulin is secreted by the __________.
pancreas.
26
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PTH is secreted by the __________.
parathyroid glands.
27
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GH is secreted by the __________.
anterior pituitary gland.
28
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ADH is secreted by the __________.
posterior pituitary gland.
29
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Testosterone is secreted by the __________.
testes.
30
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Thymosin is secreted by the __________.
thymus.
31
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T4 is secreted by the __________.
thyroid.
32
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Metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia is called __________.
diabetes mellitus.
33
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__________ is characterized by enlarged extremities.
Acromegaly.
34
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Condition characterized by nerve irritability and muscle spasms is called __________.
tetany.
35
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Excessive development of the body is referred to as __________.
gigantism.
36
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Condition characterized by protruding eyeballs is known as __________.
exophthalmos.
37
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SIADH is characterized by excessive secretion of ADH, leading to __________.
hypervolemia and hyponatremia.
38
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Grave’s disease is an __________ condition that results in hyperthyroidism.
autoimmune.
39
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Release of excess acidic ketone bodies is termed __________.
ketoacidosis.
40
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__________ is the condition of being abnormally short in height.
Dwarfism.
41
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Addison’s disease is characterized by weakness, weight loss, and increased __________.
skin pigmentation.
42
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Exocrine glands secrete hormones via __________.
ducts.
43
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Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the __________.
bloodstream.
44
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The hypothalamus is the control center for all __________ glands.
endocrine.
45
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The pituitary gland is known as the __________ gland.
master.
46
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The pineal gland regulates the __________ rhythm or sleep cycle.
circadian.
47
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The parathyroid glands regulate __________ levels throughout the body.
calcium.
48
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The thymus promotes the development of __________ that fight infections.
T cells.
49
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The pancreas controls blood __________ levels.
glucose.
50
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The ovaries produce __________ and __________, regulating female reproductive functions.
estrogen; progesterone.
51
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The testes secrete __________, a hormone that regulates male secondary sex characteristics.
testosterone.
52
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Hormones like insulin and cortisol carry messages through the bloodstream to help regulate processes like __________, mood, and metabolism.
growth.