anatomy chapter 3: tissues

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Medicine

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54 Terms

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histology

study of tissues

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tissue

group of cells that work together to perform a particular function

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epithelial

protect, absorb, secrete

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connective

connects part of the body and helps support and protect

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muscle

extract force, contracts, makes movement possible

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nervous

receives and carries signals/protects signal conducting cells (communication and control)

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<p>simple squamos (epithelial)</p>

simple squamos (epithelial)

flat

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<p>simple cubiodal (epithelial)</p>

simple cubiodal (epithelial)

cube (square)

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<p>simple columnar (epithelial)</p>

simple columnar (epithelial)

column (rectangular)

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<p>stratified squamos (epithelial)</p>

stratified squamos (epithelial)

many layers

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<p>pseudostratified epithelial (epithelial)</p>

pseudostratified epithelial (epithelial)

consists of one layer of cells different height ; pseudo=false

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simple squamos epithelium structure

flat, slightly irregular (lining blood vessels, heart, and lungs)

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simple squamos epithelium function

secretes pericardial fluid (fluid surrounds heart) pleural fluid (cells covering lung)

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stratified squamos epithelium structure

several layers: tall, cylidrical cells in lowest layer, irregular

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stratified squamos epithelial function

shaped flat cells as its approaches surface ; protection of delicate surface from injury

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stratified squamos epithelial location

mouth, skin, esophogus, vagina

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simple cubiodal epithelium structure

equal height and width

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simple cubiodal epithelium location

secretory portions if glands, kidney tubules, ducts of glands, and tissue covering of ovary

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simple columnar epithelium structure

tall, closely packed together cells

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simple columnar epithelium function

protects organs

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goblet cells

secretes mucus and enzymes found in the lining of digestive tract

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ciliated epithelium structure

modified columnar with cilia covered cell

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ciliated epithelium function

movement if particles

  • dust and debries up the trachea

  • eggs move from ovary into oviduct

  • sperm from testes through seminal tubules

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psudeostratified columnar structure

single layer, nuclei are uneven which gives it a layered appearance and can have goblet cells and cilia

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psudeostratified columnar location

lining air passages and tubes of the reproductive system, most of the upper respiratory tract, parts of the male urethra, ducts of large glands

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transitional epithelium function

stretchable, blocks diffusion (no leaking)

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transitional epithelium location

lining of the urinary bladder, ureters and parts of the urethrea

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<p>blood (connective tissue)</p>

blood (connective tissue)

consists of various types of cell with fluid ground substance

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<p>connective (connective tissue)</p>

connective (connective tissue)

cells in a fibrous matrix with a jellylike material

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<p>cartilage (connective tissue)</p>

cartilage (connective tissue)

cells in a fibrous matrix with semisolid ground

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<p>bone (connective tissue)</p>

bone (connective tissue)

cells in a fibrous matrix with a solid, mineralized ground substances

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mast cells (type of cell in connective tissue)

prevents clots

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macrophages (type of cell in connective tissue)

consumers

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fibroblasts (type of cell in connective tissue)

produce fibers

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collagenous (type of cell in connective tissue)

bones, ligaments, tendons

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elastic (type of cell in connective tissue)

respiratory

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loose connective tissue

modified columnar in a semifluid matrix

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loose connective tissue location

epidermis and subcutaneous, surround nerve cells, blood vessels

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loose connective tissue function

wraps and cushions organs, its phagocytes engulfs bacteria

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adipose tissue (connective tissue) structure

cells have a central vacuole with a fat droplet

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adipose tissue (connective tissue) function

insulates, protects, reserve supple of energy

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adipose tissue (connective tissue) location

under skin, behind eyeball, around kidneys, within abdomen

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blood (liquid connective tissue) structure

plasma(fluid) / solid(corpuscles)

  • red corpuscles = erythrocytes (red blood cells)

  • white corpuscles = leukocytes (white blood cells)

  • platelets = thrombocytes

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blood (liquid connective tissue) function

transports materials

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fibrous connective tissue structure

closely packed while collagen ; fibers are flexible but not elastic

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fibrous connective tissue function

ligaments holds bone to bone in place tendons attaches muscle to bone

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hyaline cartilage (connective tissue) function

allows flexibility between bones

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hyaline cartilage (connective tissue) location

ends of bones, nose, trachea, larynx, costal cartilage

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matrix

cells in groups surrounded by a capsule of transparent membrane

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bone (osseous tissue) (connective tissue) structure

  • osteoblast - bony material

  • osteoclast - reabsorbs bony material

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bone (osseous tissue) (connective tissue) function

supportive framework

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