Chem. S1 Ch. 1 & 2

. ___ is a logical approach for solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating theories that are supported by data.

scientific method

___ in science is more than a physical object; it is often an explanation of how phenomena occur and how data or events are related.

model

___ is a testable statement that is the basis for making a prediction.

hypothesis

___ is a broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena.

theory

58 km = _____ m

58 000

37 982 mm = ___ km

0.037 982

1.73 m = ___ cm

173

0.45 km = ___ cm

45 000

Find the density of a material given that a 5.03 g sample occupies 3.24 ml.

1.55 g/ml

What is the mass of a sample of material as a volume of 55.1 cm3 and the density of 6.72 g/cm3?

370 g

A sample of a substance has a density of 0.824 g/ml has a mass of 0.451 g. Calculate the volume of the sample.

.547 ml

Compare accuracy and precision

Accuracy refers to the closeness of measurements to a correct or accepted value, precision refers to the closeness of a set of number to one another.

A handbook gives the density of calcium as 1.54 g/cm3. Based on the lab measurements, what is the percentage error of a density calculation from 1.25 g/cm3?

-18.8%

How many significant figures on each of the following measurements 

B 6 000 g

1

How many significant figures on each of the following measurements 

C 1.000 30 km 

6

Complete the following math problem and give the final rounded, correct significant figures answer.

4.567 cm + 2.35 cm + 83.23 cm = ?

90.15

Complete the following math problem and give the final rounded, correct significant figures answer.

4.567 cm - 2.3539 cm  = ?

2.213

Complete the following math problem and give the final rounded, correct significant figures answer.

84.5967 cm ² / 7.85 cm  = ?

10.8

Complete the following math problem and give the final rounded, correct significant figures answer.

49.67 cm x 12.3415 cm x 13.53 cm  = ?

Round this number to 3 significant figures and put it in scientific notation.      

739 670 000 000 000 000

7.40x10^17

Round this number to 4 significant figures and put in scientific notation.     

0.000 000 000 000 348 298 932

3.483x10^-13

From this graph, what kind of relationship do these variables share?

inversely proportional

From this graph, what kind of relationship do these variables share?

direct proportion

How many significant figures are in this number? 0.000 39

2

2

How many significant figures are in this number? 510 00

How many significant figures are in this number? 5100

4 sig. figs; 5100

27. How many significant figures are in this number? 10.00

4

Define Chemistry.

the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes.

Give 3 of the 6 branches of chemistry

organic, inorganic, physical, analytic, biochem, theoretical

Define chemical

A ___ is any substance that has a definite composition.

If someone is trying to solve the problem of too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, what kind of research are the performing?

applied

technological

If someone if using science to improve the speed of computers, what kind of research are they performing?

If someone is studying motor proteins in the cell, just to learn more about motor proteins, what kind of research are they performing?

basic

mass

___ is a measure of the amount of matter.

___ has mass and takes up space.

matter

atom

___ is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element.

___ is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances and is made of only 1 type of atom.

element

compound

___ is a substance that can be broken down into simple substance.

If the property is extensive, check the box, if the property is intensive, do not check the box.

volume, mass

color, mass, texture

If the property is physical, check the box, if the property is chemical, do not check the box.

A solid has

definite size and definite shape

definite size and indefinite shape

a liquid has

A gas has

indefinite size and indefinite shape

melting is

solid to liquid

liquid to solid

freezing is

liquid to gas

evaporation is

solid to gas

sublimation is

gas to liquid

condensation is

oxygen and hydrogen

In the following reaction, what are the reactants? oxygen + hydrogen ➡ water

water

water In the following reaction, what are the products? oxygen + hydrogen ➡ water

true

T or F: The law of conservation of matter states that matter can not be created or destroyed, but it can change form.

false

T or F: The law of conservation of energy states that matter can be created or destroyed, but it can not change form.

pure substance, element

a gold coin (24K) is (pick 2)

mixture, homogeneous

salt water is (pick 2)

chicken noodle soup is (pick 2)

mixture, heterogeneous

groups or families

On the periodic table, vertical columns are called?

On the periodic table, horizontal rows are called?

periods

all the above

Which is true for metals

none of the above

Which is true for nonmetals

On the periodic table, what is the name of group 18 elements?

noble gases