The perfect tense

How to form the perfect tense

Auxiliary verb (haber) + past participle

Ar verbs perfect tense ending

Ado

Er/ir verbs perfect tense ending

-ido

Does the perfect always agree?

No

When do you use agreements with the perfect tense?

In the passive

Hacer irregular

Hecho

Decir irregular

Dicho

Satisfacer irregular

Satisfecho

Volver irregular

Vuelto

Devolver

Devuelto

Escribir irregular

Escrito

Describir irregular

Descrito

Abrir irregular

Abierto

Cubrir irregular

Cubierto

Descubrir irregular

Descubierto

Morir irregular

Muerto

Poner irregular

Puesto

Ver irregular

Visto

Romper irregular

Roto

Freír (to fry) double participle

Freído, frito

Imprimir double participle

Imprimido, impreso

Proveer (to provide) double participle

Proveído, provisto

If you use estar before the participle…

You have to use the irregular participle

Ya with perfect tense

I have already

Todavía/aun no, perfect tense

I still havent

Alguna vez with perfect

Ever (question)

Don’t use the perfect tense with…

Desde hace, llevar + tiempo + gerundio

What to use with Desde hace, llevar + tiempo + gerundio

Present tense

Use one of future perfect: will

Talking about what will have happened in the future

Use two of future perfect: hmm

Making suppositions like ‘it must have happened’

Haber future tense

Habré, habrás, habrá, habremos, habréis, habrán

Future perfect tense construction

Future haber + past participle

Pluperfect tense use

Talking about things you HAD done in the past

Pluperfect tense construction

Imperfect haber + past participle

When to not use the pluperfect

With desde hacia- use only the imperfect

Uses of the conditional perfect: would but didn’t

Expressing actions that would have happened but didn’t

Uses of conditional perfect: hmm

Suppositions about an anterior past